Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis of Berberis goudotii Triana & Planch. ex Wedd. (Berberidaceae) with Anticariogenic and Antiperiodontal Activities

Abstract

Berberis goudotii is an endemic Colombian plant found in the paramo ecosystem. It has been used in food preparation and as a medicinal plant for diverse treatments. Additionally, it is used as a mouthwash to strengthen the gums and combat throat irritations and periodontitis. The present research evaluated Berberis goudotii aerial parts extract and fractions antimicrobial activities. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction was used to attain total ethanol-water extract. Solid-liquid fractionation was used to obtain hexane fraction. The residue was dispersed in water and liquid-liquid fractionation was carried-out to acquire dichloromethane, butanol and water fractions. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was performed on total extract and phenol, polyphenol, flavonoid, and proanthocyanidin, while tannin content was quantified. Antimicrobial activity assessment was performed by agar diffusion method using disks and wells employing Ceftazidime as a positive control against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Antimicrobial activity was determined as relative percentage inhibition (RPI), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Phenols (92.5 ± 7.7 mg GA/10 g), polyphenols (87.7 ± 8.1 mg PG/10 g) and tannins (44.1 ± 4.3 mg PG/10 g) were among the highest secondary metabolites observed. Total extract presented an MBC of 1.0 µg/µL against cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus) and 0.12 µg/µL against bacteria associated with periodontal disease (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Fusobacterium nucleatum). Butanol and hexane fractions showed antiperiodontal activity with MBC of 0.12 and 1.0 µg/µL, respectively. In conclusion, Berberis goudotii total extract demonstrated antimicrobial activity against cariogenic and periodontal microorganisms, on the other hand, hexane and butanol fractions displayed antiperiodontal activity.

Phytochemical Screening and Antiprotozoal Effects of the Methanolic Berberis Vulgaris and Acetonic Rhus Coriaria Extracts

“…The qualitative examination revealed the presence of significant amounts of polyphenols and flavonoids. Notably, this finding conforms to the report by Gabr et al [33] and Sequeda-Castañeda et al [34] who revealed the existence of these active constituents in both extracts. It has been shown that all these secondary metabolites have many therapeutic properties and are known to be pharmacologically active components.…”

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“…In this connection we selected three plants which are an important part of our daily usage, but been very little explored for their effectiveness against some common pathogens. The previous reports show the presence of terpenes, flovones, alkaloids, tannins, saponins and glycosides (Rajesh et al, 2013;Sawant and Godghate, 2013;Mokhber-Dezfuli et al, 2014;Ahmed et al, 2017;Sequeda-Castañeda et al, 2019). In the current study, the antibacterial activities of the F. vulgare,C.…”

Anacardium excelsum phytochemical analysis and in vitro antimicrobial activity against oral cavity microorganisms

“…It is well known that secondary metabolites derived from plant species have shown therapeutic action against various diseases 21 . Thus, different plant species have been studied to determine the presence of substances with pharmacological activity, including, among others, Berberis goudotii, Isertia laevis, Borrichia frutences, Sarcocephalus coadunatus, Elaeagia utilis and Stevia rebaudiana, with the aim of broadening the antimicrobial arsenal used to treat diseases of interest to public health, such as infectious diseases of the oral cavity 11,12,22,23 .…”