Preliminary numerical investigation in open currents-water swimming: Pressure field in the swimmer wake

Beaumont, Fabien; Taı̈ar, Redha; Polidori, Guillaume

doi:10.1016/j.amc.2016.12.031

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…On the one hand, currents may be utilized as an assisting force. as is observed with fish migration [ 92 – 94 ] or by human triathletes [ 95 ], while on the other hand, swimming against the currents would only be possible if the speed of the current is below the speed of swimming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering the opposite shore: How did hominins cross sea straits?

Hölzchen

Hertler²,

Cachorro³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Understanding hominin expansions requires the comprehension of movement processes at different scales. In many models of hominin expansion these processes are viewed as being determined by large-scale effects, such as changes in climate and vegetation spanning continents and thousands or even millions of years. However, these large-scale patterns of expansions also need to be considered as possibly resulting from the accumulation of small-scale decisions of individual hominins. Moving on a continental scale may for instance involve crossing a water barrier. We present a generalized agent-based model for simulating the crossing of a water barrier where the agents represent the hominin individuals. The model can be configured to represent a variety of movement modes across water. Here, we compare four different behavioral scenarios in conjunction with a set of water barrier configurations, in which agents move in water by either paddling, drifting, swimming or rafting. We introduce the crossing-success-rate (CSR) to quantify the performance in water crossing. Our study suggests that more focus should be directed towards the exploration of behavioral models for hominins, as directionality may be a more powerful factor for crossing a barrier than environmental opportunities alone. A prerequisite for this is to perceive the opposite shore. Furthermore, to provide a comprehensive understanding of hominin expansions, the CSR allows for the integration of results obtained from small-scale simulations into large-scale models for hominin expansion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering the opposite shore: How did hominins cross sea straits?

Hölzchen

Hertler²,

Cachorro³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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show abstract

“…This study quantified the rate of change in CSA and the form gradients of the anterior, posterior and lateral aspects of the torso to determine the relationship between torso While the causal mechanism of the relationship between rate of change in CSA and posterior form gradient on the coefficient of drag cannot be confirmed by the findings, previous research can give insight into the association between indentation at the waist and curvature of the hips with fluid flow. Pressure area analysis, using CFD, of a national level female swimmer's body was conducted during underwater gliding in the streamlined horizontal body position (Beaumont, Taïar, & Polidori, 2017). It was found that the largest total pressure area (pascals) produced by fluid flow on the body was the head of the swimmer, whilst the arms, superior aspect of the buttocks and posterior aspects of the legs were the next significant pressure areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of torso morphology on maximum hydrodynamic resistance in front crawl swimming

Papic

McCabe

Gonjo

et al. 2020

Sports Biomechanics

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The aim of this study was to determine the influence of torso morphology on maximum instantaneous hydrodynamic resistance in front crawl swimming.Outlines of the torso in the frontal and anteroposterior planes were calculated from photographic images to determine continuous form gradients (m/m) for the anterior, posterior and lateral aspects of the torso. Torso cross-sectional areas at each vertical sample (0.001m) were used to calculate maximal rate of change in cross-sectional area (m 2 /m 1 ) in the chest-waist and waist-hip segments. During catch-up arm coordination in middle-long distance front crawl swimming, kicking propulsion is negligible and therefore the net force is equal to the drag during the non-propulsive hand phase. Drag coefficients were calculated at the instant of maximum horizontal deceleration of centre of mass during the non-propulsive hand phase of 400m pace front crawl stroke cycles. Maximal rate of change in cross-sectional area (r=0.44, p=0.014) and posterior form gradient (r=0.50, p=0.006) of the waist-hip torso segment had moderate positive correlations with the coefficient of drag. A regression model including these two variables explained 41% of the variance (p=0.001). Indentation at the waist and curvature of the buttocks may result in greater drag force and influence swimming performance.

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“…CFD simulation and its analysis were performed on ANSYS. The same k-ε model was selected to solve the 3D steady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations since this model is the same which was generally applied in the area of sports science (Zaïdi et al, 2010, Beaumont et al, 2017. CFD Fluent analysis was performed on the human manikin to identify the region where inlets and outlets of the ventilation vents can be provided.…”

Section: Cfd Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification in The Design of Two-Wheelers Helmets for Improved Comfort of Indian Riders

Chandra¹,

Pathak²,

Rathore³

et al. 2022

JER is an international, peer-reviewed journal that publishes f

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Existing helmets consist of the durable exterior which is of light-weight (polycarbonate, carbon fibre or composite fibre), its shielding is made up of polystyrene layers together with a comfortable padding of urethane. These helmets are used to protect the rider's head during crash but it becomes difficult to wear helmets in summer for longer durations due to a rise in temperature and poor ventilation mostly in Asian countries as it increases the stress level of the riders. Thus there is an urgent need for modifications in the design of the helmet which can provide improved thermal comfort with superior visibility, better aerodynamic shape in addition to reduce discomfort due to accumulation of carbon dioxide and to provide good relief against bad weather. 3D model of the existing and proposed helmet is designed on CAD software (solid works) and a comparison of the existing and proposed model with all features is performed on ANSYS software. In the present work, CFD simulation was also used which shows that in the proposed design there is improved flow of air inside the helmet which will increase the comfort level of the users against heat and humidity.

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Preliminary numerical investigation in open currents-water swimming: Pressure field in the swimmer wake

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Discovering the opposite shore: How did hominins cross sea straits?

Discovering the opposite shore: How did hominins cross sea straits?

Effect of torso morphology on maximum hydrodynamic resistance in front crawl swimming

Modification in The Design of Two-Wheelers Helmets for Improved Comfort of Indian Riders

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