Preliminary investigation of the effect of oral supplementation of Lactobacillus plantarum strain SNK12 on mRNA levels of neurotrophic factors and GABA receptors in the hippocampus of mice under stress-free and sub-chronic mild social defeat-stressing conditions

Abstract

The effect of Lactobacillus plantarum SNK12 (CPLP) supplementation on mRNA levels of hippocampal neurotrophic factors and gamma aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAR) was tested. In Experiment 1, stress-free, unsupplemented and CPLP (4 × 108 cells/head)-supplemented male C57BL/6J (B6) mice were the experimental animals. In Experiment 2, intruder (male, B6) mice [negative control; unsupplemented, sub-chronic mild social defeat stress (sCSDS)-induced; and CPLP-supplemented, sCSDS-induced] were exposed to aggressor mice (adult male Slc:ICR). mRNA levels of neurotrophic factors and GABAR in hippocampal samples of these mice were analyzed. In CPLP-supplemented mice of both experiments, mRNA levels of bdnf, nt-3, and GABAR were upregulated. Moreover, a tendency toward the improvement of habituation ability (Experiment 1) and behavior (Experiment 2) was observed in mice, which may be associated with upregulated neurotrophic factors and GABAR. We demonstrated that oral supplementation of CPLP to stress-free and stress-induced mice upregulated mRNA levels of hippocampal neurotrophic factors and GABAR.

Effects of dietary intake of heat-inactivated <i>Lactobacillus gasseri</i> CP2305 on stress-induced behavioral and molecular changes in a subchronic and mild social defeat stress mouse model

“…factors associated the development of mood disorders (38). It was found that sCSDS did not affect BDNF, NGF, NT-3, NtrkA, and NtrkB gene expres- sCSDS mice in the social interaction test was affected by several environmental factors, including feed (17).…”

“…Studies employing experimental animals have shown that administering specific probiotics eases stress-induced glucocorticoid and inflammatory cytokine responses in conjunction with decrease in depression-and anxiety-related behaviors (4,7,15). Dietary supplements of Lactobacillus have been found to increase psychosocial stress resilience in sCSDS mice (23) and gene expression of neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus (38). Moreover, patients with major depression were found to have lower Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus counts in their gut than healthy controls did (1).…”

Edible bird’s nest extract downregulates epidermal apoptosis and helps reduce damage by ultraviolet radiation in skin of hairless mice

“…The methods employed for PCR analysis were the same as those previously described. (17,18) Statistical analysis. To estimate significant differences in TUNEL-positive cell numbers and the relative gene expression between groups, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA; factors UV radiation and EBNE supplementation) and Tukey-Kramer post hoc comparisons were used.…”

Consecutive intra-gingival injections of lipopolysaccharide and butyric acid to mice induce abnormal behavior and changes in cytokine concentrations

“…In the present study, to assess the habituation abilities of the experimental mice, an open-field arena was used (500 × 500 × 400 mm; O'Hara & Co., Tokyo, Japan). The habituation test procedure was as that previously described [12]. The total distance (cm/600 s) traveled by mice was measured by TimeOFCR1 software (O'Hara & Co.) on days 0, 14, and 21, and the habituation score (%) was calculated as 100 × (moving distance on day 14 or 21)/(moving distance on day 0).…”

“…Optimal primers and probes were designed using freely available online tools (https://www.rocheapplied-science.com/) or selected from Bioresearch Technologies Japan (Tokyo, Japan). The methods employed for PCR analysis were the same as those previously described [12]. All genes analyzed for mRNA levels are also listed in Table 1.…”