Preliminary implications of B-mode ultrasonography of the testicles of beef bulls with normal breeding soundness examinations

Cartee, Robert E.; Gray, B.W.; Powe, T.A.; Hudson, Robert S.; Whitesides, John F.

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(89)90083-6

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Ultrasonography was not a practical way to measure testis size, as testis size was measured more easily, simply and inexpensively with calipers or a scrotal tape than by ultrasonography. This finding is consistent with other studies [14,15].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…There was no significant differences among bulls in ultrasound measurements and there was no relationship to semen quality (Table 1). Cartree et al found no difference among bulls judged to be normal based upon a breeding soundness examination [14]. Likewise, in a more extensive study of beef bulls 13 to 31 or more months old , Eilts and Pechman [16] found no remarkable differences obtained by ultrasonography that were not evident from a concurrent breeding soundness examination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ultrasonographic and Other Testicular Characteristics of Holstein Bulls Revisited.

Hahn

Stouffer

Foote

1999

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The testes of bulls in an artificial breeding unit were examined with low frequency (1.6 and 2.25 MHz) transducers to determine if acoustical impedance could be used to detect bull differences in testicular tissue. The initial studies accompanied measurement of the linear dimensions and circumference of the testes with simple calipers and tapes to estimate size. Simple instruments proved to provide testicular size information that was more accurate and more easily obtained than by ultrasonography. Subsequent studies dealt with spermatogenic elements. Internal characteristics of the testes of 10 normal young bulls measured by ultrasonography were similar and were not significantly correlated with semen characteristics. Ultrasonograms on the testes of 68 bulls 20 to 144 months old differed, particularly associated with age. There was more dense tissue distributed in the testicular parenchyma of older bulls. Twenty-six bulls that had preslaughter ultrasonic analysis of the testes were classified into two groups after slaughter on the basis of normal or high proportions of fibrous testicular tissue. An independent analysis of the ultrasonograms concurred 81% of the time with the postmortem findings. While ultrasonography has greatly aided the understanding of many events in reproductive development and sexual function, it appears that its capabilities of providing unique information on internal testicular characteristics may be limited to special cases, such as old bulls when semen quality is marginal.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Ultrasonographic and Other Testicular Characteristics of Holstein Bulls Revisited.

Hahn

Stouffer

Foote

1999

Journal of Reproduction and Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The mediastinum testis was represented as a hyperechoic line in longitudinal images. These observations are similar to those described for boar [28], dog [29], bull [30], rams and male goats [17] and camels [31]. Ahmad et al [32] recorded an increase in the echogenicity of testicular parenchyma with advancement in age of the bull; the mean number of pixels of testicular ultrasonograms increased significantly up to 24 mo of age and then leveled off as the age increased.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Ultrasound guided testicular fine needle aspiration in buck (Capra hircus)—An animal model

Paul

Juyena

Das

et al. 2017

APJR

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“…The head and tail of the epididymis were easily identified on all testes, but the epididymal body and ductus (vas) deferens were difficult to identify. Ultrasonic measurement of testicles was correlated with testicular circumference, weight and volume but not with scrotal circumference [133]. Ultrasonic scanning of the bovine testicle was found to have no detrimental effect on reproductive capacity (semen characteristics, testicular dimensions and consistency) after exposure to a 3-min scan with a 5.0 MHz transducer [134].…”

Section: Ultrasonography Of the Male Reproductive Systemmentioning

confidence: 95%

Bovine Reproductive Ultrasonography: A Review

Ribadu

Nakao

1999

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The advent of ultrasonography over a decade ago has contributed tremendously in the field of bovine reproduction. Ultrasound imaging has shown that cattle exhibit 2 or 3 waves of follicular development during an estrous cycle. Ultrasonography allows monitoring of individual follicles as they grow and/or regress over time and patterns of follicular development can thus be determined with relative precision. Other important applications of ultrasonography in bovine reproduction includes; pregnancy diagnosis, fetal sex determination, folliculocenteses, diagnosis of abnormalities of the reproductive organs, monitoring of treatment of ovarian cysts, monitoring of postpartum genital resumption, ultrasound-guided centesis and male genital ultrasonography. Recent applications of ultrasonography in bovine reproduction includes doppler ultrasonography for genital blood flow and mammary ultrasonography. The use of ultrasonography is indispensable in most studies in which morphology (structure) and function are correlated. In this paper, the literature pertaining to the use of ultrasonography in bovine reproduction is reviewed. The applications and limitations of ultrasonography are highlighted. The non-invasive nature of ultrasonography makes it an excellent clinical and research tool in bovine reproduction.

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Preliminary implications of B-mode ultrasonography of the testicles of beef bulls with normal breeding soundness examinations

Cited by 32 publications

References 5 publications

Ultrasonographic and Other Testicular Characteristics of Holstein Bulls Revisited.

Ultrasonographic and Other Testicular Characteristics of Holstein Bulls Revisited.

Ultrasound guided testicular fine needle aspiration in buck (Capra hircus)—An animal model

Bovine Reproductive Ultrasonography: A Review

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