Preliminary Evaluation of Urinary Polyamines in the Diagnosis of Genitourinary Tract Malignancy

Sanford, Edgar J.; Drago, Joseph R.; Rohner, Thomas J.; Kessler, Georg Frederick; Sheehan, Linda; Lipton, Allan

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)59448-3

Cited by 45 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…As early as the mid-1970s, Sanford et al discovered that the excretion of polyamines in the urine of patients harboring PCa was higher than normal individuals [ 56 ]. In the same year, Fair et al reported a significant elevation of urinary spermidine content by Spectronic 20 colorimeter in PCa patients, but not putrescine and spermine [ 57 ].…”

Section: Spermine As a Biomarker For Pcamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Clinical Role of Spermine in Prostate Cancer

Peng

Wong

Cheuk

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Spermine, a member of polyamines, exists in all organisms and is essential for normal cell growth and function. It is highly expressed in the prostate compared with other organs and is detectable in urine, tissue, expressed prostatic secretions, and erythrocyte. A significant reduction of spermine level was observed in prostate cancer (PCa) tissue compared with benign prostate tissue, and the level of urinary spermine was also significantly lower in men with PCa. Decreased spermine level may be used as an indicator of malignant phenotype transformation from normal to malignant tissue in prostate. Studies targeting polyamines and key rate-limiting enzymes associated with spermine metabolism as a tool for PCa therapy and chemoprevention have been conducted with various polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors and polyamine analogues. The mechanism between spermine and PCa development are possibly related to the regulation of polyamine metabolism, cancer-driving pathways, oxidative stress, anticancer immunosurveillance, and apoptosis regulation. Although the specific mechanism of spermine in PCa development is still unclear, ongoing research in spermine metabolism and its association with PCa pathophysiology opens up new opportunities in the diagnostic and therapeutic roles of spermine in PCa management.

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Section: Spermine As a Biomarker For Pcamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Clinical Role of Spermine in Prostate Cancer

Peng

Wong

Cheuk

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Studies on elevated urinary polyamine levels have been reported in prostate carcinoma [4,6] and have been claimed as a valuable tool for the diagnosis of prostatic cancer. These findings suggest an altered polyamine pro file in the tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamine Profiles in Human Pathological Prostate Tissue

M¹,

K²,

1983

Urol Int

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Polyamine concentrations were determined in homogenized specimens of human prostatic tissue obtained at open surgery from patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy, some of whom had been treated with oestrogens or anti-androgens, and from patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma in whom the tissues were removed by transurethral resection. The results show that in treated benign prostatic hyperplasia there is a lower polyamine concentration. Homogenates of tissues from patients with prostatic cancer show no specific polyamine profile.

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Erythrocyte Polyamine Determinations in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

Shideler¹,

Johns²,

Cantrell³

et al. 1981

Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

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\s=b\ Erythrocyte polyamine levels were measured in the blood from 29 untreated patients whose conditions were diagnosed as head and neck cancer. Only nine (31%) of these patients had elevations of erythrocyte spermidine and/or spermine levels above the reference ranges determined for normal persons.However, a positive correlation was observed between the erythrocyte spermidine levels and the clinical tumor stage. Serial erythrocyte polyamine determinations were performed on the blood from 12 of these patients before and after either surgical or radiation therapy. In 11 of the cases, the erythrocyte spermidine levels decreased after tumor therapy regardless of whether there was prior elevation above the reference range. The erythrocyte spermine levels in these patients were more variable in their response to tumor treatment. Therefore, although erythrocyte polyamine levels were only slightly to moderately elevated in response to the small tumors characteristic of the head and neck, the measurement of erythrocyte spermidine, potentially, may offer a simple and effective means of monitoring the course of therapy used in patients with head and neck cancer. (Arch Otolaryngol 1981;107:752-754) The naturally occurring aliphatic polyamines, putrescine, spermi¬ dine, and spermine, are found in all types of cells.12 Although their exact physiologic function is unknown, it has been shown that they play neces¬ sary roles in cell growth and that their rate of accumulation parallels the rate of cellular proliferation.3 4 The struc¬ tures of these compounds are as fol¬ lows:Evidence has accumulated during the past ten years that suggests that polyamines are of potential value as

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Preliminary Evaluation of Urinary Polyamines in the Diagnosis of Genitourinary Tract Malignancy

Cited by 45 publications

References 7 publications

The Emerging Clinical Role of Spermine in Prostate Cancer

The Emerging Clinical Role of Spermine in Prostate Cancer

Polyamine Profiles in Human Pathological Prostate Tissue

Erythrocyte Polyamine Determinations in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

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