Preliminary estimates of recurrence intervals for great earthquakes of the past 3500 years at northeastern Willapa Bay, Washington

Atwater, Brian F.; Hemphill‐Haley, Eileen

doi:10.3133/ofr961

Cited by 90 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Another paleoseismic indicator is tectonically induced and hence sudden land-level change, such as buried soils used for the Cascadia subduction zone (Atwater and Hemphill-Haley, 1997). However, along many subduction zones, interseismic and net uplift mask this record.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical and paleo-tsunami deposits on Kamchatka, Russia: long-term chronologies and long-distance correlations

Pinegina

Bourgeois

2001

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Along the eastern coast of Kamchatka, at a number of localities, we have identified and attempted to assign ages to deposits of both historic and prehistoric (paleo-) tsunamis. These deposits are dated and correlated using tephrochronology from Holocene marker tephra and local volcanic ash layers. Because the historical record of earthquakes and tsunamis on Kamchatka is so short, these investigations can make important contributions to evaluating tsunami hazards. Moreover, because even the historical record is spotty, our work helps add to and evaluate tsunami catalogues for Kamchatka. Furthermore, tsunami deposits provide a proxy record for large earthquakes and thus are important paleoseismological tools. The combined, preserved record of tsunami deposits and of numerous marker tephra on Kamchatka offers an unprecedented opportunity to study tsunami frequency. Using combined stratigraphic sections, we can examine both the average frequency of events for each locality, and also changes in frequency through time. Moreover, using key marker tephra as time lines, we can compare tsunami frequency and intensity records along the Kamchatka subduction zone. Preliminary results suggest real variations in frequency on a millennial time scale, with the period from about 0 to 1000 A.D. being particularly active at some localities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical and paleo-tsunami deposits on Kamchatka, Russia: long-term chronologies and long-distance correlations

Pinegina

Bourgeois

2001

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Tsunami deposits were observed near the mouths of rivers at Lagoon Creek, California (Abramson, 1998), Alsea River, Oregon (Peterson and Darienzo, 1996), Seaside, Oregon (Fiedorowicz, 1997), the Niawiakum and Willapa Rivers, Washington (Atwater and Hemphill-Haley, 1997), the Copalis River, Washington (Atwater, 1992), and various inlets in Puget Sound, Washington (Bucknam et al, 1992). In addition, tsunami deposits have been observed in fresh water lake strata from Bradley Lake in southern Oregon (Nelson et al, 1996b), and Kanim and Catala Lakes exposed along the outer coast of Vancouver Island (Clague et al, 1999;Hutchinson et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each subsided peaty soil horizon has been inferred to be caused by a great (Mw 8-9) Cascadia Subduction Zone earthquake. This figure is an adaptation of core logs from published data of Clarke and Carver (1992), Peterson and Darienzo (1996), Darienzo and Peterson (1990) and Atwater and Hemphill-Haley (1997). See Figure 2 for study locations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishing the Inundation Distance and Overtopping Height of Paleotsunami from the Late-Holocene Geologic Record at Open-Coastal Wetland Sites, Central Cascadia Margin

Schlichting¹

2000

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“…To overcome these actual limitations, during the past decades, approaches based on earthquake geology and paleoseismology (see the pioneering work of Atwater and Moore, 1992) have also been applied to the geological identification and dating of tsunamis of the past (hereinafter paleotsunamis). These approaches allow (i) to extend back in time the tsunami record from a couple to several millennia (Atwater and Hemphill-Haley, 1996;Hutchinson et al, 1997;Pinegina and Bourgeois, 2001;Jaffe and Gelfenbaum, 2002;Fujiwara and Kamataki, 2008, among many others), (ii) to confirm and enrich the knowledge of historical tsunamis, and (iii) to discover pre-historical or unknown events. Moreover, the reconstruction of the distribution of the paleotsunami effects can be a critical input to define the causative tsunami source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geological evidence for paleotsunamis along eastern Sicily (Italy): an overview

Martini

Barbano

Pantosti

et al. 2012

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. We present geological evidence for paleotsunamis along the ∼230 km-long coast of eastern Sicily (Italy); combining this information with historical data, we reconstruct a unique history of tsunami inundations. We integrate data on 38 paleotsunami deposits (from fine sand layers to boulders) collected at 11 sites (one offshore). The geological data record traces of large tsunamis which have occurred during the past 4 millennia. Chronological constrains include 14 C, 210 Pb and 137 Cs, OSL and tephrochronology. When compatible, the age of the paleotsunami deposits is associated to historical events, but it is also used to highlight unknown tsunamis. Average tsunami recurrence interval (between 320 and 840 yr) and minimum inland tsunami ingressions (often greater than the historical ones) were estimated at several sites. On the basis of this work, the tsunami catalogue is implemented by two unknown tsunamis which occurred during the first millennium BC and by one unknown regional tsunami, which occurred in 650-770 AD. By including this latter event in the eastern Sicily catalogue, we estimate an average recurrence interval for strong tsunamis of ca. 385 yr.Comparison and merging of historical and geological data can definitely contribute to a better understanding of regional and local tsunami potential and provides robust parameters to be used in tsunami hazard estimates.

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Preliminary estimates of recurrence intervals for great earthquakes of the past 3500 years at northeastern Willapa Bay, Washington

Cited by 90 publications

References 31 publications

Historical and paleo-tsunami deposits on Kamchatka, Russia: long-term chronologies and long-distance correlations

Historical and paleo-tsunami deposits on Kamchatka, Russia: long-term chronologies and long-distance correlations

Establishing the Inundation Distance and Overtopping Height of Paleotsunami from the Late-Holocene Geologic Record at Open-Coastal Wetland Sites, Central Cascadia Margin

Geological evidence for paleotsunamis along eastern Sicily (Italy): an overview

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