Preliminary clinical evaluation of traditional and a new digital PEEK occlusal splints for the management of sleep bruxism

Abstract

Sleep bruxism (SB) is defined previously as a kind of repetitive jaw-muscle activity mainly manifested by grinding, clenching, and/or bracing or thrusting of the mandible during sleep. 1 Although the aetiology of bruxism is not exactly clear, many studies regarded it as multiple causes including morphological, psychosocial, genetic and other possible factors. 2-5 Long-term SB can lead to tooth wear, jaw-muscle pain and occlusal trauma, and in some severe forms can cause difficulty with speech or swallowing. 6 With the deepening of research in recent years, some studies have constantly discussed and updated the definition of SB. 7-9 Therefore, it tends to be regarded as a risk factor rather than a kind of disease. In 2018, Lobbezoo et al stated in a new study that SB should be regarded as a 'behaviour' among

Wear Behavior of Occlusal Splint Materials Manufactured By Various Methods: A Systematic Review

“…Wear of occlusal devices and hard dental tissues under clinical and simulation conditions is a complicated process in comparison to other physical and mechanical properties of the materials. 24 Three studies have reported that tooth wear is analogous to bruxism [25][26][27] while two studies have contradicted this statement. 28,29 This systematic review has shown that all studies lacked standardization and precise flow.…”

“…32 A recent study has also confirmed the importance of polishing protocols for occlusal device materials. 33 Seven in vitro 12,[14][15][16][17][18]20 and two in vivo 24,25 studies followed polishing protocols before wear testing. Other studies 19,21 which did not follow polishing protocols had significantly greater wear after testing.…”

“…Therefore, the testing type can be adjusted by using the block-on-ring principle instead of pin-on-disk. 54 Analyzing two in vivo studies, 24,25 where a natural dentition was used as antagonist to test the resistance of the occlusal devices. One study 24 has shown that, wear rate of PMMA material over 12 weeks would be equal to 12.4 ± 1.8 mm 3 loss in volumetric loss, which is significantly higher in comparison to the in vitro study of Bentli et al, 16 where 60,000 cycles were used to test the same material against human enamel.…”

“…54 Analyzing two in vivo studies, 24,25 where a natural dentition was used as antagonist to test the resistance of the occlusal devices. One study 24 has shown that, wear rate of PMMA material over 12 weeks would be equal to 12.4 ± 1.8 mm 3 loss in volumetric loss, which is significantly higher in comparison to the in vitro study of Bentli et al, 16 where 60,000 cycles were used to test the same material against human enamel. The low wear rate could be occurring due to use of deionized water instead of artificial saliva, or use of thermocycling or chewing simulator that did not really simulated actual oral cavity.…”

“…Four studies did not include all required parts in the abstract, 12,15,16,19 five studies did not have a hypothesis but had objectives so were marked as Yes, four studies did not have limitations, 14,17,19,20 and seven studies did not have any supporting funding for their research. 12,15,16,19,21,24,25 All studies had a low risk of bias and reported in Table 2.…”