Preliminary Assessment of Tumor-Associated Tissue Eosinophilia (TATE) in Canine Mast Cell Tumors: Prevalence and Prognostic Relevance and Its Association with Neoangiogenesis

Abstract

Mast cell tumor (MCT) is the most common malignant skin tumor in dogs. In order to gain more information on the prognostic markers in MCT, the role of the eosinophil granulocytes infiltrates was investigated and assessed by the evaluation of tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) in 87 canine cutaneous MCTs. In human medicine, high TATE are often described in highly angiogenic tumors: we therefore assessed the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in neoplastic mast cells. TATE and VEGF expression were compared between themselves, with histological grading, immunohistochemical expression of KIT and Ki-67, and with the recurrence. We found a statistically significant correlation between TATE and Patnaik grading (p = 0.041), Kiupel grading (p = 0.022), immunohistochemical KIT expression (p = 0.015), and tumor recurrence (p = 0.000). No associations were observed with Ki-67 and VEGF expression. This is the first evaluation of TATE and its prognostic value in canine MCTs in veterinary oncology. This study suggest that this investigation could be an important source of information for this tumor and for other neoplasms.

Immunoreactivity of p21, MMP-1 and CB2 receptor proteins in cutaneous canine mast cell tumours: an association with the three-tier grading system

“…In turn, the stem cell factor released by eosinophils supports further activation of mast cells. The paraneoplastic hypereosinophilia which accompanies MCTs positively correlates with higher recurrence rates ( 11 ). Eosinophils have the ability to secrete pro-inflammatory tissue-degrading mediators, including collagenases that facilitate the degradation of type I, II and III collagen.…”

Comparison of KIT patterns and infiltration of eosinophils in canine mast cell tumor

“…The comparison of the mean eosinophil count between KIT patterns showed a significant difference between patterns of grades I and III, indicating that MCT patients with higher cytoplasmic expression presented higher mean eosinophils. A recent study by Galietta et al (2023) compared tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) and VEGF expression between themselves, their results associated high grades of TATE with less differentiated tumors, higher recurrence rates and aberrant KIT expressions.…”

Canine mast cell tumor

“…Solitary cutaneous nodules are the most frequent clinical presentation, but patients may also present with multiple skin tumours. Thus, the clinical presentation of cutaneous MCTs ranges from hairless, gradually expanding skin lesions as no capsulated masses, either solitary or multiple with dermal localization, to rapidly growing, often ulcerating aggressive variants that extend to subcutaneous tissue and various distant body sites (Kiupel and Camus, 2019; Galietta et al, 2023) [11,7] . The contemporary trend globally emphasizes the exploration of rapid and cost-effective tumour diagnosis methods, considering that the conventional histopathological method requires invasive tissue sampling and extended processing times.…”