Prelabor uterine rupture and extrusion of fetus with intact amniotic membranes: a case report

Abstract

The increasing rate of cesarean sections is an important issue globally, especially in developed countries. During the last decade, despite decreasing rates of vaginal delivery attempts after a previous cesarean section, the risk of uterine rupture has remained. Uterine rupture is a significant and catastrophic obstetric complication associated with maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. We report here a very rare case of prelabor uterine rupture with intact membranes.A 28-year-old, gravida 3, para 2 Turkish woman was referred to our emergency unit at 34 weeks’ gestation because of the absence of fetal movements and abdominal pain. She had had a vaginal birth in 2007 and a cesarean section in 2009. In the delivery room, the fetal extremities were palpated at the abdominal wall, and an ultrasonography revealed ruptured uterus and fetal death. A midline laparotomy was carried out to open the peritoneal cavity. An intact amniotic sac with fetus was observed in the abdominal cavity, and the uterus was also observed to be ruptured. The male fetus, weighing 2500 g, was dead. The rupture was extending from the left lateral side of cervix to the fundus. The tear was repaired by primarily suturing the uterus in two layers after ligation of the left uterine artery to control hemorrhage. The total estimated blood loss was about 1300 mL. The patient received two units of blood transfusion during the operation. In the 4Complete uterine rupture is a rare but catastrophic event, and if diagnosed late, can result in mortality. Uterine rupture is rare during a trial of vaginal labor in a patient with a history of cesarean section; it is much rarer to occur before any trial of vaginal labor in such a patient. If a patient with a history of cesarean section, especially with an unknown type of incision, presents with complaints of abdominal tenderness or vaginal bleeding in the 3

Rupture-mediated large uterine defect at 30th gestational week with protruded amniotic sac and fetal head without fetal compromise after laparoscopic electromyolysis: Case report and literature review

“…Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, severe asphyxia, and fetal death have been reported in cases in which the rupture is so extended that the head of the fetus protrudes, as did the protruded amniotic sac with fetal head described here. [ 5 , 6 ]…”

“…[4] Uterine ruptures with defects large enough to cause fetal head protrusions have resulted in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathies, severe asphyxia, and even fetal deaths. [5,6] Surgical intervention within 10 to 37 minutes of uterine rupture is essential to minimize the risk of permanent perinatal fetal injury. [7][8][9] However, even if delivery occurs within this time frame, the development of serious neonatal abnormalities such as severe hypoxia or metabolic acidosis are still at risk of occurring.…”

“…[ 4 ] Uterine ruptures with defects large enough to cause fetal head protrusions have resulted in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathies, severe asphyxia, and even fetal deaths. [ 5 , 6 ]…”

Silent uterine rupture

“…[ 3 ] The absence of peritoneal signs due to extrusion of product of pregnancy with intact amniotic sac along with insignificant bleeding into the abdominal cavity or vaginally results in this diagnostic dilemma. [ 4 ]…”

Uterine rupture with intact amniotic membrane

“…Previous case reports by Segal et al and Kaya et al had a similar clinical scenario but the patients did not have a CT because their vital signs were stable. 11,12…”