Preinteraction expectations, marital satisfaction, and accessibility: A new look at sentiment override.

Fincham, Frank D.; Garnier, Philip C.; Gano-Phillips, Susan; Osborne, Lori N.

doi:10.1037/0893-3200.9.1.3

Cited by 81 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN To some extent, our findings are consistent with the sentiment override hypothesis (Fincham et al, 1995). There was a marked tendency for students to focus on the positive aspects of their romantic relationships.…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

Assessing the Accuracy of Predictions about Dating Relationships: How and Why Do Lovers’ Predictions Differ from those Made by Observers?

MacDonald

Ross

1999

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

114

106

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In two longitudinal studies, university students, their roommates, and parents assessed the quality and forecast the longevity of the students' dating relationships. The longitudinal nature of this research allowed assessment of the relative accuracy of predictions offered by students and observers. Students assessed their relationships more positively, focusing primarily on the strengths of their relationships, and made more optimistic predictions than did parents and roommates. Although students were more confident in their predictions, their explicit forecasts tended to be less accurate than those of the two observer groups. Students, however, possessed information that could have yielded more accurate forecasts: In comparison to parents' and roommates' evaluations of relationship quality, students' assessments of relationship quality were more predictive of stability at 1 year. Implications of these findings for understanding biases and accuracy in prediction are discussed.

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supporting

confidence: 92%

Assessing the Accuracy of Predictions about Dating Relationships: How and Why Do Lovers’ Predictions Differ from those Made by Observers?

MacDonald

Ross

1999

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

114

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, men who were more satisfied felt more supported, controlling for the actual supportiveness of the behavior (as judged by trained raters). In another study, individuals who were more satisfied with their relationship expected to receive more positive forms of support from their partner in a problem-solving discussion (Fincham, Garnier, Gano-Phillips, & Osborne, 1995).…”

Section: Sentiment Overridementioning

confidence: 99%

The Relational Context of Social Support: Relationship Satisfaction Moderates the Relations between Enacted Support and Distress

Frazier

Tix

Barnett

2003

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

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In two studies of kidney transplant patients and their significant others, the authors examined whether the relations between enacted social support and patient distress were moderated by patients' satisfaction with their relationship with the support provider (i.e., their significant other). In Study 1 (n = 121 couples), unsupportive spousal behaviors were associated with more distress only among patients who were less satisfied with their marital relationship. In Study 2 (n = 112 couples), the relations between unsupportive behaviors and distress again varied as a function of the patient's relationship satisfaction, although the particular pattern of the interaction depended on the specific unsupportive behaviors offered to the patient. In both studies, relationship dissatisfaction was associated with higher levels of patient distress. Supportive behaviors were not related to distress and did not interact with relationship satisfaction. Implications for future research on social support in marriage are discussed.

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“…Women are twice as likely as men to experience a depressive episode (Nolen-Hoeksema, 1987). Many studies have suggested that there are important sex differences in the perception of marital communication (Noller, 1980; Carels & Baucom, 1999; Fincham, Garnier, Gano, & Osborne, 1995). Likewise, the association between depressive symptoms and marital adjustment seems to be significantly greater for women than for men (Whisman, 2001).…”

Section: Explication Of Interspousal Criticality Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explication of interspousal criticality bias

Peterson

Smith

Windle

2009

Behaviour Research and Therapy

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Although bias towards perceiving spousal criticism is related to dysphoria and marital discord (Smith & Peterson, 2008), the bias construct has received insufficient elaboration. We explicated the criticality bias construct by exploring its correlates and incremental validity relative to perceived criticism, marital attributions, and negative affect. 118 couples completed self-report measures and undertook a videotaped discussion task. Signal detection analyses of both spouses' and outside observers' ratings of discussions produced bias indices. Criticality bias evidenced a pattern of convergent and discriminant validity mirroring perceived criticism's (Renshaw, 2008). Bias also provided incremental validity beyond perceived criticism, marital attributions, and negative affect to the prediction of behavior. Bias may be a dysfunctional way to view marital events and a stress generation process.Keywords criticality bias; criticism; depression; marital adjustment; stress generation Explication of Interspousal Criticality BiasCriticism from close relatives predicts poor treatment response and higher rates of relapse across a wide variety of psychiatric disorders and physical illnesses, including depression (Wearden, Tarrier, Barrowclough, Zastowny, & Rahill, 2000). Criticism is also linked to marital distress (Hooley & Teasdale, 1989;Lynch, Robins, Morse, 2001). Furthermore, relations between criticism and both depression and marital distress hold across several types of criticism, namely, perceived criticism as self-reported by spouses and expressed criticism, as coded by outside observers (Hooley & Teasdale, 1989). Those who are depressed or maritally discordant also over-perceive spousal criticism by a process that we refer to as "criticality bias" (Smith & Peterson, 2008).Given the associations among depression, marital discord, and various types of criticism, and the potentially broad range of applications of this research given criticism's status as a generalized stressor across physical and emotional disorders (Hooley & Gotlib, 2000;Wearden et al., 2000), it is important to clearly explicate the nature of central criticism constructs, such as perceived criticism, expressed criticism, and criticality bias. The perceived criticism construct has already been explicated to a substantial degree by studies that demonstrate a compelling pattern of convergent and discriminant validity associations (Chambless & Blake, *Corresponding author. Tel.: +574 631 9640; fax: +574 631 8883., E-mail addresses: E-mail: kpeters1@nd.edu (K. M. Peterson), Email: dsmith11@nd.edu (D. A. Smith), E-mail: cwindle@nd.edu (C. R. Windle). Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discover...

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Preinteraction expectations, marital satisfaction, and accessibility: A new look at sentiment override.

Cited by 81 publications

References 24 publications

Assessing the Accuracy of Predictions about Dating Relationships: How and Why Do Lovers’ Predictions Differ from those Made by Observers?

Assessing the Accuracy of Predictions about Dating Relationships: How and Why Do Lovers’ Predictions Differ from those Made by Observers?

The Relational Context of Social Support: Relationship Satisfaction Moderates the Relations between Enacted Support and Distress

Explication of interspousal criticality bias

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