Prehospital triage and communication performance in small mass casualty incidents: A gauge for disaster preparedness

Johnson, Gary A.; Calkins, Anne

doi:10.1016/s0735-6757(99)90048-7

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, it has been suggested that incidents of up to 50 victims may be defined as ‘small-scale mass casualty incidents’, indicating that the group sizes used during the current study were of sufficient size as to be termed ‘mass’ [36]. Further, it is likely that the importance of effective responder communication strategies, and the mediating role played by social identity variables, would have been more evident, rather than less, had the groups been larger.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effective Responder Communication Improves Efficiency and Psychological Outcomes in a Mass Decontamination Field Experiment: Implications for Public Behaviour in the Event of a Chemical Incident

et al. 2014

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The risk of incidents involving mass decontamination in response to a chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear release has increased in recent years, due to technological advances, and the willingness of terrorists to use unconventional weapons. Planning for such incidents has focused on the technical issues involved, rather than on psychosocial concerns. This paper presents a novel experimental study, examining the effect of three different responder communication strategies on public experiences and behaviour during a mass decontamination field experiment. Specifically, the research examined the impact of social identity processes on the relationship between effective responder communication, and relevant outcome variables (e.g. public compliance, public anxiety, and co-operative public behaviour). All participants (n = 111) were asked to visualise that they had been involved in an incident involving mass decontamination, before undergoing the decontamination process, and receiving one of three different communication strategies: 1) ‘Theory-based communication’: Health-focused explanations about decontamination, and sufficient practical information; 2) ‘Standard practice communication’: No health-focused explanations about decontamination, sufficient practical information; 3) ‘Brief communication’: No health-focused explanations about decontamination, insufficient practical information. Four types of data were collected: timings of the decontamination process; observational data; and quantitative and qualitative self-report data. The communication strategy which resulted in the most efficient progression of participants through the decontamination process, as well as the fewest observations of non-compliance and confusion, was that which included both health-focused explanations about decontamination and sufficient practical information. Further, this strategy resulted in increased perceptions of responder legitimacy and increased identification with responders, which in turn resulted in higher levels of expected compliance during a real incident, and increased willingness to help other members of the public. This study shows that an understanding of the social identity approach facilitates the development of effective responder communication strategies for incidents involving mass decontamination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effective Responder Communication Improves Efficiency and Psychological Outcomes in a Mass Decontamination Field Experiment: Implications for Public Behaviour in the Event of a Chemical Incident

et al. 2014

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“…# Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 49 (2005) M ULTIPLE casualty incidents (MCI) are usually defined as accidents involving several patients managed by everyday resources without major incident or disaster response. There are only a few detailed analyses of consecutive MCIs (1)(2)(3). However, compared with major incidents or disasters, small-scale mass casualty incidents are common.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of multiple casualty incidents – a prospective cohort study

Kuisma

Hiltunen²,

Määttä

et al. 2005

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

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Traffic accidents, residential fires and intoxications were the leading causes for MCIs. Emergency medical service could respond to most MCIs efficiently and safely. Majority of deviations from standard medical care seemed potentially preventable. Several areas for improvement were identified. From prehospital links, the dispatching centre and on-scene medical command had a vital role in the successful management of MCIs.

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“…The priority of civilian medicine is to achieve definitive care/management of an injury [10,35,[76][77][78][79]. Goals and priorities in MCI are to apportion the available resources in such a way that allows for recovery of the greatest number of lives [34,80,81]. Paradoxically, it is accepted that resource allocation during an MCI favors the less complicated over the critically ill, resource-intensive patients [17,34,80,81].…”

Section: Disaster Triagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, patient survival during an MCI depends on the ability of responders to rapidly and accurately triage patients to the appropriate level of care. Most currently applied triage schemes rely on history and physical examination, both of which can be unreliable and/ or difficult to obtain in MCI settings [17,[30][31][32][33][34]. Use of an adjunct that facilitates this triage process may be the key to potentially improving care, and thus survival, during MCIs [10,30,32,[35][36][37].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Portable ultrasound in disaster triage: a focused review

Wydo

Seamon

Melanson

et al. 2015

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg

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Ultrasound technology has become ubiquitous in modern medicine. Its applications span the assessment of life-threatening trauma or hemodynamic conditions, to elective procedures such as image-guided peripheral nerve blocks. Sonographers have utilized ultrasound techniques in the pre-hospital setting, emergency departments, operating rooms, intensive care units, outpatient clinics, as well as during mass casualty and disaster management. Currently available ultrasound devices are more affordable, portable, and feature user-friendly interfaces, making them well suited for use in the demanding situation of a mass casualty incident (MCI) or disaster triage. We have reviewed the existing literature regarding the application of sonology in MCI and disaster scenarios, focusing on the most promising and practical ultrasound-based paradigms applicable in these settings.

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Prehospital triage and communication performance in small mass casualty incidents: A gauge for disaster preparedness

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

Effective Responder Communication Improves Efficiency and Psychological Outcomes in a Mass Decontamination Field Experiment: Implications for Public Behaviour in the Event of a Chemical Incident

Effective Responder Communication Improves Efficiency and Psychological Outcomes in a Mass Decontamination Field Experiment: Implications for Public Behaviour in the Event of a Chemical Incident

Analysis of multiple casualty incidents – a prospective cohort study

Portable ultrasound in disaster triage: a focused review

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