Prehospital and emergency department burn care

DeBoer, Scott; O’Connor, Annemarie

doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2003.10.004

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Thermal injury creates a breach in the surface of the skin. A basic knowledge of skin anatomy and physiology is required to understand emergency burn assessment and approaches to burn care (96,114,469). Figure 1 provides a schematic representation of the skin layers in relation to the depth of burn injury (96,113,369).…”

Section: Human Skin-a Major Host Defensementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A basic knowledge of skin anatomy and physiology is required to understand emergency burn assessment and approaches to burn care (96,114,469). Figure 1 provides a schematic representation of the skin layers in relation to the depth of burn injury (96,113,369). The skin is derived from ectoderm and mesoderm and has two anatomic layers: the epidermis or outermost nonvascular layer consists of several layers of epidermal cells that vary in thickness over various body surfaces, and the dermis or corium is largely made of collagen and contains the microcirculation, a complex vascular plexus of arterioles, venules, and capillaries.…”

Section: Human Skin-a Major Host Defensementioning

confidence: 99%

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Burn Wound Infections

Church

Elsayed

Reid³

et al. 2006

Clin Microbiol Rev

1,595

1,345

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SUMMARYBurns are one of the most common and devastating forms of trauma. Patients with serious thermal injury require immediate specialized care in order to minimize morbidity and mortality. Significant thermal injuries induce a state of immunosuppression that predisposes burn patients to infectious complications. A current summary of the classifications of burn wound infections, including their diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, is given. Early excision of the eschar has substantially decreased the incidence of invasive burn wound infection and secondary sepsis, but most deaths in severely burn-injured patients are still due to burn wound sepsis or complications due to inhalation injury. Burn patients are also at risk for developing sepsis secondary to pneumonia, catheter-related infections, and suppurative thrombophlebitis. The introduction of silver-impregnated devices (e.g., central lines and Foley urinary catheters) may reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections due to prolonged placement of these devices. Improved outcomes for severely burned patients have been attributed to medical advances in fluid resuscitation, nutritional support, pulmonary and burn wound care, and infection control practices.

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Section: Human Skin-a Major Host Defensementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Human Skin-a Major Host Defensementioning

confidence: 99%

Burn Wound Infections

Church

Elsayed

Reid³

et al. 2006

Clin Microbiol Rev

1,595

1,345

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These microbes form multispecies bio films on burn wounds within 48 -72 hours of injury (3). Organisms originate from the patient's own skin, gut and respiratory flora, as well as from contact with contaminated health care environments and workers (5,6,7). Gram-positive bacteria in the depth of sweat glands and hair follicles heavily colonize the wounds within 48 h of the injuryfollowed quickly by Gram-negative (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram of Aerobic Burn Wound Isolates At A Tertiary Care Institute in Northern India

Sharma¹,

Kaur²,

Sambyal³

2016

IOSR

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Background: Infection is the commonest and the most serious problem in patients who survive the initial shock phase of major thermal injury. It is an important cause of mortality in burns. Rapidly emerging nosocomial pathogens and the problem of multi-drug resistance in burn patients providing a important periodic review of isolation patterns and Antibiograms in the burn ward. Aim and Objective: The present retrospective study from wounds of patients admitted to burns unit was undertaken to determine the bacteriological profile and the resistance pattern from the burn ward over a period of one year and four months (January 2012 to April 2013). Materials and Methods: 450 wound swabs were taken from burn patients and were cultured on Blood-agar and MacConkey-agar .Out of 450 samples only 400 showed growth and so its isolates were identified by conventional biochemical methods and antimicrobial susceptibility was performed. Isolates were tested for susceptibility to antimicrobials using the Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method. Result: During the period from January2012 to April 2013 study is done.450 aerobic bacterial isolates were recovered from 400 patients. Pseudomonasaeruginosa was the commonest pathogen isolated (35.55%) followed by Klebsiellaspecies (23.34%),Acinetobacter species (22.22%), Staph. aureus (9.11%), (5.56%), Proteus species (1.78%), Citrobacter species (1.33%) and E.coli (1.11%). Ampicillin, Piperacillin was most resistant drugs in case of Gram-negative bacteria.Piperacillin-tazobactum was (100%) sensitive antibiotic in all Gram negative bacteria. Amoxicillin and Penicillin G were the resistant antibiotics in case of Gram-positive bacteria. Conclusion: The growth of multidrug-resistant organisms should be considered as a serious risk in burn units. Aggressive infection control measures should be applied to limit the emergence and spread of multidrugresistant pathogens.

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“…The skin has an immunological and neurosensory function. It may have other function like Vitamin D metabolism [2]. According to literature the burn injuries are classified into three different categories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of isolated bacteria from burn patients and its susceptibility against different antibiotics in district Swat

Uddin¹

2018

PAB

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Burn is an injury to the skin or other body tissues caused by various agents like thermal injury, scalds, fire, electrical shock and chemical injury. The aims of current study were isolation, identification and sensitivity of isolated bacteria against antibiotics from burn infected patients of District Swat. A total of 50 swab samples were collected from 50 burn infected patients. On the basis of colony morphology and Biochemical tests, including Oxidase, Catalase, Coagulase, Indole, and Motility eight different bacterial isolates were identified, including Bacillus, Enterobacter, Epidermis, E.Coli, Klebseilla, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Proteus and Staphylococcus aureus. The frequency range were Bacillus (0.3%), Enterobacter 6.97%), Epidermis (6.97%), Proteus (9.30%), E.coli (11.62%), Klebsiella (13.95%), Staphylococcus aureus (20.93%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30.23%). The maximum infections, i.e. 38% were reported in children's age group 1-5 years. The infections reported in females were 65% while males 35%. A total of 12 antibiotics were tested in which levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were found more effective. Moderate against Amikacin, Chloramphenicol and Gentamycin. Whereas Imipenem, Amoxicillin, Ceftriaxone were found less effective. Attention and concentration is need to avoid the infection in burn patients at distract swat. A further detail and comprehensive study is needed to avoid or reduce these infections.

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Prehospital and emergency department burn care

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Burn Wound Infections

Burn Wound Infections

Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram of Aerobic Burn Wound Isolates At A Tertiary Care Institute in Northern India

Characterization of isolated bacteria from burn patients and its susceptibility against different antibiotics in district Swat

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