Preharvest Measures to Improve the Safety of Eggs

Cort, W. De; Ducatelle, Richard; Immerseel, Filip Van

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802582-6.00013-6

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…Killed Salmonella vaccines greatly help to reduce S. Enteritidis prevalence when implemented in laying hens flocks. These vaccines are associated with a reduction in Salmonella load in faeces, internal tissues, and eggs as well as lower mortality, lesions, and clinical signs in different experimental models [ 30 ]. Despite the inability of inactivated vaccines to effectively elicit a protective cell-mediated immune response, and as some bacterial antigens might be lost during the inactivation, they are regarded as considerably safe and do not present any risk of introducing live vaccine strains into the food chain [ 26 , 28 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacy of a Trivalent Inactivated Salmonella Vaccine Combined with the Live S. Gallinarum 9R Vaccine in Young Layers after Experimental Infections with S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Infantis

Huberman¹,

Caballero-García²,

Rojas³

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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Worldwide, poultry infections by Salmonella are the cause of significant economic losses, not only due to reduced production (due to fowl typhoid disease), but also considering the efforts and control measures that must be constantly applied, especially due to zoonotic serovars. Poultry is a common reservoir of Salmonella and its transmission into the food chain is a risk for humans. The vaccination of layers plays an important role in the overall efforts to prevent Salmonella infections. An inactivated trivalent vaccine was prepared with S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Infantis strains. Infection trials were performed to evaluate the efficacy of three vaccination schedules using inactivated and live S. Gallinarum 9R vaccines. For this purpose, at week 5 of life, one subcutaneous dose of live S. Gallinarum 9R vaccine (1–5 × 107 CFU) was given to Groups 1 and 2. At weeks 8 and 11 of life, chickens were also vaccinated with one (Group 1) or two (Groups 2 and 3) intramuscular doses of the inactivated oil-adjuvant trivalent vaccine (1 × 108 CFU/dose of each antigen). Group 4 consisted of chickens that remained unvaccinated (control). At week 14 of life, the efficacy of the vaccination plans was evaluated in three separate inoculation trials with S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, or S. Infantis. After vaccination with the inactivated vaccine, homologous antibody production was observed, and after challenge, a significant reduction in the faecal shedding, invasion, and colonization of S. Typhimurium and S. Infantis was achieved by all vaccination schedules, while the vaccination with at least one dose of the live S. Gallinarum 9R vaccine was necessary to obtain such a significant protection against S. Enteritidis infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacy of a Trivalent Inactivated Salmonella Vaccine Combined with the Live S. Gallinarum 9R Vaccine in Young Layers after Experimental Infections with S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Infantis

Huberman¹,

Caballero-García²,

Rojas³

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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“…There are various common control measures to reduce or prevent Salmonella organisms' colonization of the poultry intestinal systems, including feed additives, probiotic or organic acid supplementation of drinking water and the use of vaccines [5]. Inactivated and/or live attenuated vaccines are used to prevent poultry infection with Salmonella organisms through promoting acquired immunity [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Simultaneous Administration of a Probiotic or Prebiotic with Live Salmonella Vaccine Improves Growth Performance and Reduces Fecal Shedding of the Bacterium in Salmonella-Challenged Broilers

El‐Shall

Awad

El‐Hack

et al. 2019

Animals

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Salmonellosis is one of the most important bacterial diseases in poultry, causing heavy economic losses, increased mortality and reduced production. The aim of this study was the comparative efficacy of a commercial probiotic and/or prebiotic with a live attenuated Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) vaccine on the protection of broiler chickens from SE challenge. The efficacy of probiotic or prebiotic products, as well as a live Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) vaccine at the 7th day of age, administered via drinking water, were evaluated for clinical protection and effects on growth performance of broiler chickens experimentally challenged with SE at the 28th day of age. The use of probiotic or prebiotic simultaneously with the live Salmonella vaccine can diminish the negative effect of live vaccine growth performance, reducing mortality rate, fecal shedding, and re-isolation of SE from liver, spleen, heart and cecum. The use of probiotic or prebiotic simultaneously with the application of the live Salmonella vaccine is a good practice to diminish the negative effect of the harmful bacteria and improve the growth performance of broilers. Thus, further studies may be carried out with layers and breeders.

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“…Many on farm control measures such as strict farm biosecurity as well as routine chemical decontamination of farm equipment are widely employed to limit Salmonella contamination of eggs ( De Cort et al, 2017 ). Methods to limit or prevent gastrointestinal colonization of hens are also commonly used and include the addition of organic acids to feed and water, use of probiotics and competitive exclusion products as well as vaccination ( De Cort et al, 2017 ). Vaccination in combination with other control methods is viewed globally as an important strategy to reduce Salmonella in poultry, ultimately mitigating the foodborne risk of human disease ( Desin et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Long-Term Efficacy Trial of a Live, Attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium Vaccine in Layer Hens

McWhorter

Chousalkar

2018

Front. Microbiol.

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Salmonella remains one of the most common causes of bacterial foodborne gastrointestinal disease in humans. Raw eggs or food items containing undercooked eggs are frequently identified as the source of Salmonella. Salmonella Typhimurium contamination of table eggs most commonly occurs when they are laid in a contaminated environment. Several control strategies, including vaccination, are widely used to mitigate the total Salmonella load. It is unclear, however, whether live attenuated Salmonella vaccines are efficacious over the life span of a layer hen. Live attenuated Salmonella vaccines have been favored due to their ability to illicit a strong humoral immune response. The lifespan of a layer hen ranges between 60 and 80 weeks and the long term efficacy of attenuated vaccine strains has not been investigated. In this study, commercial brown layer chicks were vaccinated at day old, 6 weeks of age, and again at 10 weeks of age with the Bioproperties VaxsafeTM STM1 aroA mutant vaccine. Birds were challenged at 18 weeks of age with Salmonella Typhimurium DT9 (MLVA 03 15 08 11 550). Feces and eggs were monitored for S. Typhimurium for 40 weeks post-infection. Birds produced a strong immune response following the final dose which was administered intramuscularly. The serum antibody response to S. Typhimurium DT9 infection did not differ between challenged groups. Fecal shedding and egg contamination was highly variable and did not differ significantly between vaccinated and unvaccinated birds that had been challenged with S. Typhimurium DT9. Total bacterial load in feces was quantified using qPCR. No significant difference was detected between unvaccinated and vaccinated birds after challenge.

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Preharvest Measures to Improve the Safety of Eggs

Cited by 5 publications

References 141 publications

The Efficacy of a Trivalent Inactivated Salmonella Vaccine Combined with the Live S. Gallinarum 9R Vaccine in Young Layers after Experimental Infections with S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Infantis

The Efficacy of a Trivalent Inactivated Salmonella Vaccine Combined with the Live S. Gallinarum 9R Vaccine in Young Layers after Experimental Infections with S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Infantis

The Simultaneous Administration of a Probiotic or Prebiotic with Live Salmonella Vaccine Improves Growth Performance and Reduces Fecal Shedding of the Bacterium in Salmonella-Challenged Broilers

A Long-Term Efficacy Trial of a Live, Attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium Vaccine in Layer Hens

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