Pregnancy specificβ 1 — a product of the syncytiotrophoblast

Horne, C. H. W.; Towler, C. M.; Pugh-Humphreys, R. G. P.; Thomson, Angus W.; Bohn, H.

doi:10.1007/bf01927624

Cited by 148 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…Pregnancy-specific glycoproteins (PSG) are a family of highly similar proteins synthesized in large amounts by the placental syncytiotrophoblast [10][11][12]. PSG seems to be essential for successful pregnancy, since low levels of these glycoproteins are associated with spontaneous abortion, intrauterine growth retardation and preeclampsia [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo expression of recombinant pregnancy‐specific glycoprotein 1a induces alternative activation of monocytes and enhances Th2‐type immune response

et al. 2003

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It has been proposed that pregnancy-specific factors could be responsible for shift the balance of cytokine profiles during maternal immune response from Th1-type reactivity into a "less-damaging" Th2-type reactivity. In the present work, we investigated the in vivo function of human pregnancy-specific glycoprotein (PSG)1a, the major variant of PSG polypeptides released into the circulation during pregnancy, on the modulation of the innate and adaptive immune response. For this, BALB/c mice were injected with a vaccinia virus-based vector harboring the human PSG1a cDNA (Vac-PSG1a) 4 days before immunization with ovalbumin (OVA) in complete Freund's adjuvant, and the early specific T cell response against OVA was evaluated 8 days post-immunization. We also studied the activation status of spleen and peritoneal monocytes/macrophages (Mo) populations from Vac-PSG1a-treated mice, and explored whether PSG1a-targeted Mo could affect the Th-type commitment by investigating their impact on the differentiation of naive T cells. Our data show that the treatment with VacPSG1a is able to induce a state of alternative activation on Mo. Furthermore, the generation of the immune response in the context of these alternatively activated antigen-presenting cells may shift T cell differentiation to Th2-type immunity which is more compatible with a successful pregnancy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo expression of recombinant pregnancy‐specific glycoprotein 1a induces alternative activation of monocytes and enhances Th2‐type immune response

et al. 2003

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“…6,7 PSGs are members of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily and are closely related to another multigene family, the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule genes (CEA-CAM). 3,8 CEACAMs are widely expressed in embryonic and adult tissues, and several members of the CEACAM family are expressed in tumors and used clinically as serum biomarkers and as targets for therapeutic development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy-specific glycoprotein expression in normal gastrointestinal tract and in tumors detected with novel monoclonal antibodies

Houston

Williams

Roviš

et al. 2016

mAbs

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(2016) Pregnancyspecific glycoprotein expression in normal gastrointestinal tract and in tumors detected with novel monoclonal antibodies, mAbs, 8:3, 491-500, DOI: 10.1080DOI: 10. /19420862.2015 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10. 1080/19420862.2015 ABSTRACTPregnancy-specific glycoproteins (PSGs) are immunoglobulin superfamily members related to the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) family and are encoded by 10 genes in the human. They are secreted at high levels by placental syncytiotrophoblast into maternal blood during pregnancy, and are implicated in immunoregulation, thromboregulation, and angiogenesis. To determine whether PSGs are expressed in tumors, we characterized 16 novel monoclonal antibodies to human PSG1 and used 2 that do not cross-react with CEACAMs to study PSG expression in tumors and in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract using tissue arrays and immunohistochemistry. Staining was frequently observed in primary squamous cell carcinomas and colonic adenocarcinomas and was correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation, being largely absent from metastatic samples. Staining was also observed in normal oesophageal and colonic epithelium. PSG expression in the human and mouse GI tract was confirmed using quantitative RT-PCR. However, mRNA expression was several orders of magnitude lower in the GI tract compared to placenta. Our results identify a non-placental site of PSG expression in the gut and associated tumors, with implications for determining whether PSGs have a role in tumor progression, and utility as tumor biomarkers.

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“…These proteins were originally discovered by Tatarinov and Masyukevich (1970) and Bohn (1971) and are heterogeneous with respect to their sizes (Watanabe and Chou, 1988). Using antisera, PSGs have been located to the syncytiotrophoblast (Horne et al 1976). Although little is known about their function, in vitro inhibition effects on mixed leucocyte cultures and lymphocyte transformation have been reported Cerni et al, 1977;Majumdar et al, 1982), suggesting a possible immunosuppressive function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal expression of pregnancy‐specific glycoprotein gene rnCGM1 in rat placenta

Rebstock

Lucas

Weiß

et al. 1993

Developmental Dynamics

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As a basis towards a better understanding of the role of the pregnancy-specific glycoprotein (PSG) family in the maintenance of pregnancy, detailed investigations are described on the expression of a recently identified rat PSG gene (rnCGMl) at the mRNA and protein levels. Using specific oligonucleotide primers, rnCGMl transcripts were identified after reverse transcription, polymerase chain reaction, and hybridization with a radiolabelled, internal oligonucleotide. Transcripts were only found in significant amounts in placenta. In situ hybridization visualized rnCGM1 transcripts at day 14 post coitum (P.c.), in secondary trophoblast giant cells and in the spongiotrophoblast. Only those secondary giant cells lining the maternal decidua were positive. In contrast, primary giant cells did not contain rnCGMl mRNA. At day 18 P.c., rnCGMl transcripts were almost exclusively detectable in the spongiotrophoblast. No rnCGMl transcripts were found in rat embryos of these two developmental stages. Rabbit antisera were generated against the amino-terminal immunoglobulin variable-like domain and against a synthetic peptide containing the last 13 carboxy-terminal amino acids of rnCGMI. Both antisera recognized a 124 kDa protein in day 18 rat placental extracts as identified by Western blot analysis. The anti-peptide antiserum recognized a 116 kDa protein in the serum of a 14 day p.c. pregnant rat that is absent from the sera of non-pregnant females. Taken together, these results confirm exclusive expression of rnCGMl in the rat trophoblast, but unlike human PSG, negligible or no expression is found in other organs, such as fetal liver or salivary glands, indicating a more specialized function of rnCGM1. Its spatiotemporal expression pattern is conducive with a potential role of PSG in protecting the fetus against the maternal immune system andlor in regulating the invasive growth of trophoblast cells. 0 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Pregnancy specificβ 1 — a product of the syncytiotrophoblast

Abstract: Pregnancy specific beta1-glycoprotein (PSbetaG) has been identified in vitro in trophoblast cultures and in vivo, using transmission electron microscopy, in the syncytiotrophoblast, PSbetaG may, like other pregnancy proteins, have immunosuppressive properties.

Cited by 148 publications

References 10 publications

In vivo expression of recombinant pregnancy‐specific glycoprotein 1a induces alternative activation of monocytes and enhances Th2‐type immune response

In vivo expression of recombinant pregnancy‐specific glycoprotein 1a induces alternative activation of monocytes and enhances Th2‐type immune response

Pregnancy-specific glycoprotein expression in normal gastrointestinal tract and in tumors detected with novel monoclonal antibodies

Spatiotemporal expression of pregnancy‐specific glycoprotein gene rnCGM1 in rat placenta

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