Pregnancy Outcome Among Women Exposed to Pesticides Through Work or Residence in an Agricultural Area

Willis, Winnie O.; Peyster, Ann de; Molgaard, Craig A.; Walker, Cristine; MacKendrick, Tom

doi:10.1097/00006254-199404000-00006

Cited by 10 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Pesticides have been linked to cancer, birth defects, and damage to the nervous system, and the functioning of the endocrine systems [16]. Other research showed a link between pesticide exposure and adverse effects on children and fetuses such as low birth weight [17,18], preterm birth or toxemia [19], stillborn infants [20] and miscarriages [21]. In China's Anhui province, DDT was associated with miscarriages in the first few weeks of pregnancy [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Safety of Farmers in the Vegetable Industry

Lu¹

2011

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Safety of Farmers in the Vegetable Industry

Lu¹

2011

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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“…Exposure estimates were based on level of industrialization Huang and Batterman Residence location as a measure of environmental exposure: a review of air pollution epidemiology studies ( Heary et al, 1980 ) , the number of local sources ( LewisMichl et al, 1996 ), or the estimated pollutant emission rates . In the pesticide studies, exposures were based on regional pesticide usage rate (Garcõ Âa -Rodrõ Âguez et al, 1996) , farm acreage ( Aschengrau et al, 1996 ) and residence distance to farms ( Willis et al, 1993 ). Within``polluted'' areas, exposure subgroups were formed using proximity measures in six studies.…”

Section: Study Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten studies examined cancer as a health endpoint. Others examined body burden measured by biomarkers (Willis et al, 1993;Luoma et al, 1995 ), low birth weight (Willis et al, 1993 ) , neurotoxicity (Kilburn and Warshaw, 1995 ) , and various developmental problems ( Rosenman et al, 1989; Garcõ Âa -Rodrõ Âguez et al, Table 3. Number of environmental measurement sites and samples used to characterize environmental exposure levels by study design and media.…”

Section: Air Quality Modeling and Other Exposure Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned earlier, none of the three pesticide studies used environmental measurements. Body burden, as an outcome indicator, was evaluated by measuring biomarkers ( serum cholinesterase level ) in one study (Willis et al, 1993 ). All three studies associated pesticide exposure with some health effects.…”

Section: Huang and Battermanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many possible reasons for insignificance (Roht et al, 1985;Schulman et al, 1993;Acquavella et al, 1994;Nurminen, 1995 ). As examples, the studies suggested the possibility of sampling and measurement bias ( Willis et al, 1993;Garcõ Âa -Rodrõ Âguez et al, 1996;Morris and Knorr, 1996 ), confounding ( Heary et al, 1980;Archer, 1990;Baghurst et al, 1992;Kilburn and Warshaw, 1995;Pope et al, 1995 ) , insufficient sample size and statistical power (Greaves et al, 1981;Matanoski et al, 1981;Brown et al, 1984;Rosenman et al, 1989;Aschengrau et al, 1996 ) , lack of baseline data ( Willis et al, 1993 ) , and residence mobility Pekkanen et al, 1995 ) . In addition, invalid or inaccurate exposure estimates are likely to weaken associations between exposures and effects, whereas inadvertent association between erroneous exposure estimates and other cofactors might yield false associations.…”

Section: Validity Of Residence Location As An Exposure Indicatormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Residence location as a measure of environmental exposure: a review of air pollution epidemiology studies

Huang

Batterman

2000

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

160

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Residence location has long been used to indicate environmental exposure in many epidemiological studies. This indicator is easy to establish, requires little exposure or monitoring data, and is potentially applicable to many types of investigations. The validity, accuracy and utility of residence location as an exposure indicator, however, is challenged by current concerns regarding multiple exposure pathways, persistent and toxic contaminants, and cumulative exposures from non -point, mobile and point sources. This paper reviews 45 epidemiological studies that use residence location to identify study populations and estimate air pollution exposures. Thirteen ( 29% ) of the studies determined environmental exposures based on``proximity'' measures, usually the distance from a subject's residence to a pollutant source. Other studies used``zones'' presumed to have equal pollutant levels. Several studies combined zone and proximity approaches. Exposures were quantified using monitoring data in 27 ( 60% ) studies and dispersion modeling in two ( 4% ) studies. Sixteen ( 36% ) studies did not use any environmental data to quantify exposure. A total of 31 ( 69% ) of the studies reported significant associations between health endpoints and the pollutant exposures represented by residence location. In general, comprehensive and systematic approaches to identify and estimate population exposures were not used, and the exposure estimates were therefore deemed likely to have great uncertainty. Unless exposure levels among groups are verified, it cannot be determined whether nonsignificant associations between exposures and health endpoints indicate a lack of measurable health effects, or are merely a result of exposure misclassification. Site -specific and quantitative exposure assessments are needed to better quantify and confirm exposures within such studies, as well as to permit interpretations and comparisons across studies. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology (2000) 10, 66 ± 85.

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Association Between Pesticide Residue Intake From Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables and Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women Undergoing Infertility Treatment With Assisted Reproductive Technology

et al. 2018

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for the EARTH Study Team IMPORTANCE Animal experiments suggest that ingestion of pesticide mixtures at environmentally relevant concentrations decreases the number of live-born offspring. Whether the same is true in humans is unknown.OBJECTIVE To examine the association of preconception intake of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables (FVs) with outcomes of infertility treatment with assisted reproductive technologies (ART). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis analysis included 325 women who completed a diet assessment and subsequently underwent 541 ART cycles in the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) prospective cohort study (2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016) at a fertility center at a teaching hospital. We categorized FVs as having high or low pesticide residues using a validated method based on surveillance data from the US Department of Agriculture. Cluster-weighted generalized estimating equations were used to analyze associations of high-and low-pesticide residue FV intake with ART outcomes. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Adjusted probabilities of clinical pregnancy and live birth per treatment cycle. RESULTSIn the 325 participants (mean [SD] age, 35.1 [4.0] y; body mass index, 24.1 [4.3]), mean (SD) intakes of high-and low-pesticide residue FVs were 1.7 (1.0) and 2.8 (1.6) servings/d, respectively. Greater intake of high-pesticide residue FVs was associated with a lower probability of clinical pregnancy and live birth. Compared with women in the lowest quartile of high-pesticide FV intake (<1.0 servings/d), women in the highest quartile (Ն2.3 servings/d) had 18% (95% CI, 5%-30%) lower probability of clinical pregnancy and 26% (95% CI, 13%-37%) lower probability of live birth. Intake of low-pesticide residue FVs was not significantly related to ART outcomes. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEHigher consumption of high-pesticide residue FVs was associated with lower probabilities of pregnancy and live birth following infertility treatment with ART. These data suggest that dietary pesticide exposure within the range of typical human exposure may be associated with adverse reproductive consequences.

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Pregnancy Outcome Among Women Exposed to Pesticides Through Work or Residence in an Agricultural Area

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Occupational Safety of Farmers in the Vegetable Industry

Occupational Safety of Farmers in the Vegetable Industry

Residence location as a measure of environmental exposure: a review of air pollution epidemiology studies

Association Between Pesticide Residue Intake From Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables and Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women Undergoing Infertility Treatment With Assisted Reproductive Technology

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