Pregnancy loss — the Islamic perspective

Abstract

Supporting parents who are bereaved following pregnancy loss is challenging for all staff. When religions and cultures are different to our own, a lack of knowledge and understanding of specific spiritual needs may leave professionals feeling even more helpless, and families dissatisfied. The purpose of this article is to help provide an awareness and information for health professionals when supporting bereaved Muslim families. Islamic requirements may appear complex to non-Muslims, however an understanding of specific rituals will assist both professionals and families alike in providing client-centred care.

Arab Muslims' Perceptions of Perinatal Loss Care in the United States of America

“…This can be performed in an appropriate location in the hospital or at home before burial (Arshad et al, 2004). Some Muslim groups (e.g.…”

“…If a baby is born alive but is not expected to survive, the father or another member of the community may whisper the call to worship or other key verses from the Qur'an in the baby's ear (Gatrad & Sheikh, 2001; Shaw, 2012). At the time of death, the baby's head or body should be turned to the right towards Mecca (Arshad et al., 2004; Gatrad & Sheikh, 2001; Hedayat, 2006). When a baby cannot be placed on their side, a prone position with feet facing the south‐easterly direction, with the head slightly raised may also be acceptable to the parents (Arshad et al., 2004).…”

“…At the time of death, the baby's head or body should be turned to the right towards Mecca (Arshad et al., 2004; Gatrad & Sheikh, 2001; Hedayat, 2006). When a baby cannot be placed on their side, a prone position with feet facing the south‐easterly direction, with the head slightly raised may also be acceptable to the parents (Arshad et al., 2004).…”

“…Muslims are buried, not cremated. When babies die, all human parts should be buried including the baby's body, umbilical cord and placenta (Arshad et al., 2004; Gatrad & Sheikh, 2001). Burial is only delayed beyond 24 hr if a forensic autopsy is required; routine autopsy is not permitted (Chichester, 2005; Gatrad & Sheikh, 2001).…”

“…Parents and family members should be offered the opportunity to see and hold the deceased baby (Hedayat, 2006). Large numbers of extended family members and friends may visit the bereaved family while they are hospitalised to provide support (Arshad et al., 2004) because to fail to do so is considered shameful (Lovering, 2012). It is a Muslim's duty to offer condolences to the bereaved; spending time with the bereaved is considered virtuous (Arshad et al., 2004, p. 483).…”