Pregnancy‐Induced <i><scp>ISG</scp>‐15</i> and <i><scp>MX</scp>‐1</i> Gene Expression is Detected in the Liver of Holstein–Friesian Heifers During Late Peri‐Implantation Period

Meyerholz, MM; Mense, K.; Knaack, Hendrike; Sandra, Olivier; Schmicke, Marion

doi:10.1111/rda.12638

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Expression of MX1 mRNA is upregulated in the CL from day 12 to 14 of pregnancy in sheep [33], and Mx1 protein level is enhanced in uterine flushes after day 15 pregnancy comparing with that from cyclic ewes via an ‘unconventional’ secretory pathway [34]. MX1 mRNA is upregulated in the liver on day 18 pregnancy comparing with that in nonpregnant heifers [35]. Bacterial load induces upregulation of MX mRNA in liver, but it does not work in Peyer’s patches and spleen, suggesting that induction of MX1 expression is tissue-selective in mice [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Pregnancy Induces Expression of STAT1, OAS1 and CXCL10 in Ovine Spleen

Wang

Han

Zhang

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple SummaryInterferon-tau is a maternal recognition factor in ruminants, and spleen plays an essential role in regulating innate and adaptive immune responses. We found that interferon-tau derived from conceptus induces expression of STAT1, OAS1, and CXCL10 in ovine maternal spleen, which may be helpful for maternal immune regulation.AbstractInterferon-tau is a maternal recognition factor in ruminant species, and spleen plays an essential role in regulating innate and adaptive immune responses. However, it is not fully understood that early pregnancy induces expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) in the spleen during early pregnancy in ewes. In this study, spleens were collected from ewes at day 16 of the estrous cycle, and on days 13, 16, and 25 of gestation (n = 6 for each group), and RT-qPCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to detect the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), 2′,5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), myxovirusresistance protein 1 (Mx1) and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10). The results revealed that STAT1, OAS1 and CXCL10 mRNA and proteins were upregulated in the spleens during early pregnancy, and STAT1 protein was located in connective tissue cells in the capsule and trabeculae, and blood cells and lymphocytes in the red pulp. However, early pregnancy had no significant effects on expression of MX1 mRNA and protein. In conclusion, early pregnancy induces expression of STAT1, OAS1 and CXCL10 in maternal spleen, suggesting that maternal spleen is involved in immune regulation of pregnancy in sheep.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Pregnancy Induces Expression of STAT1, OAS1 and CXCL10 in Ovine Spleen

Wang

Han

Zhang

et al. 2019

Animals

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“…The reports has BoDV-1 down regulated secretion of type 1 IFN through IRF-3 and 7 and Avian borna virus infected cell reduced secretion of type 1 IFN. IFN-τ may be influenced the secretion in fetal side and response in BoDV-1 infected maternal cows [6, 24]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It plays an important role in fertilization; in fact, pregnancy can be maintained by suppressing the production of luteolytic pulses of Prostaglandin (PG)-F2α by the endometrium to maintain corpora lutea and their production of P4, the unequivocal hormone of pregnancy [6–8]. IFN-τ doesn’t stimulate interferon stimulated gene (ISG), such as ISG15 and Mx2 in maternal Luminal epithelium and superficial glands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, this type 1 IFN has anti-viral activity [8, 16–18]. On the contrary, BoDV-1 inhibits type 1 interferon induction through interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 3 and 7 pathway [6]. In the present study, to understand the embryo growth and maternal reaction to IFN-τ during early pregnancy in cows infected with BoDV-1, we examined the gene expression of ISG15 and Mx2 from PBMCs in BoDV-1 infected cows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Change in the responsiveness of interferon-stimulated genes during early pregnancy in cows with Borna virus-1 infection

Takino

Okamura

Ando³

et al. 2016

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundBorna disease virus is a neurotropic pathogen and infects the central nervous system. This virus infected a variety of animal species including cows. The most of cows infected with Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) exhibit subclinical infection without any neurological symptoms throughout their lifetime. We previously reported on the low conception rates in-seropositive cows. Interferon-τ (IFN-τ) plays an important role in stable fertilization, and is produced from the fetal side following embryo growth at 15–40 days of pregnancy. IFN-τ induces the expression of interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) 15 and Mx2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). To understand the embryo growth and maternal reaction during early pregnancy in cows with BoDV-1 infection, we aimed to assess the gene expression of ISG15 and Mx2 from PBMCs in BoDV-1-seropositive cows.ResultsNone of the cows showed any clinical and neurological symptoms. Among the cows that conceived, the expressions of the ISG15 and Mx2 genes were greater in the BoDV-1-seropositive cows than in the BoDV-1-seronegative cows; the difference was significant between the cows that conceived and those that did not (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe expression of ISG15 and Mx2 genes during early pregnancy significantly increased in the BoDV-1-seropositive cows and may be important for the maintenance of stable pregnancy in BoDV-1-infected cows. In contrast, the gene expression levels of ISG15 and Mx2 did not significantly increase during early pregnancy in BoDV-1-seronegative cows. Thus, BoDV-1 infection may lead to instability in the maintenance of early pregnancy by interfering with INF-τ production.

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“…Mx1 gene is upregulated in ovine CL during pregnancy via microarray analysis, and induced by IFNT in culturing luteal cells (Romero et al, 2013). Mx1 gene is expressed in maternal liver during late periimplantation period, which is induced by embryonic signal IFNT in the bovine (Meyerholz et al, 2016). Mx1 mRNA is upregulated in the cervix, vagina and blood neutrophils during early pregnancy in cows (Kunii et al, 2018;Sheikh et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%