Pregnancy and COVID-19

Abstract

Evidence indicates that SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the likelihood of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Modifications in the circulatory, pulmonary, hormonal, and immunological pathways induced by pregnancy render pregnant women as a high-risk group. A growing body of research shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is connected to a number of maternal complications, including pneumonia and intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization. Miscarriages, stillbirth, preterm labor, as well as pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction are also among the most often documented fetal implications, particularly among expecting women who have significant COVID-19 symptoms, often affecting the timing and route of delivery. Thus, prevention of infection and pharmacological treatment options should aim to minimize the aforementioned risks and ameliorate maternal, obstetric and fetal/neonatal outcomes.

Gestação e COVID-19: incidência de complicações no parto

“…Frente a isso, pneumonia grave esteve presente em um número significativo de pacientes grávidas que, na maioria dos estudos, leva à observação de que a gravidez pode de fato amplificar o risco de uma infecção por SARS-CoV-2 evoluir para pneumonia. (Ntounis et al, 2022).…”

“…Eles compartilham vias patogênicas sobrepostas e seus sintomas refletem extensa disfunção endotelial, que frequentemente leva à vasoconstrição e isquemia do órgão-alvo. Em alguns dos estudos revisados, dois grupos de gestantes com e sem COVID-19 são comparados, e a pré-eclâmpsia é considerada mais frequente em gestantes infectadas com COVID-19 do que em controles não infectados (Ntounis et al, 2022)…”

Maternal–Fetal Results of COVID-19-Infected Pregnant Women Treated with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Descriptive Report

“…On the other hand, it is interesting to highlight that only 1 patient had been diagnosed with preeclampsia before ECMO, but 4 patients developed preeclampsia during the therapy. COVID-19 infection during pregnancy has been related to a number of complications, like preeclampsia (11). According to the national data from the COVID-19 Colombian Registry in gestation (RECOGEST), 47 out of 340 patients required admissions to the intensive care unit because of different complications.…”

Risks and Preventions for Pregnant Women and Their Preterm Infants in a World with COVID-19: A Narrative Review

“…In addition, it can cause various serious symptoms and consequences, making it a very dangerous infectious disease, especially in pregnant women, who are a high-risk population ( Table 2 ). The most frequent and serious complications are acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock and sepsis, acute heart and renal injury, sepsis, and other consequences [ 32 ]. Furthermore, severe pneumonia was also observed in a substantial percentage of pregnant patients, leading to the conclusion that pregnancy can increase the chances of a SARS-CoV-2 infection to progress into pneumonia [ 32 ].…”

“…The most frequent and serious complications are acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock and sepsis, acute heart and renal injury, sepsis, and other consequences [ 32 ]. Furthermore, severe pneumonia was also observed in a substantial percentage of pregnant patients, leading to the conclusion that pregnancy can increase the chances of a SARS-CoV-2 infection to progress into pneumonia [ 32 ]. Zambrano et al ran a study on 409,462 symptomatic women who had COVID-19 with laboratory confirmation of whom 23,434 were pregnant women.…”