Pregnancy and Adrenocortical Function: Endocrine Studies of Pregnancy Occurring in Two Adrenal-Deficient Women1

Hills, A. Gorman; Venning, Eleanor H.; Dohan, F. C.; Webster, George D.; Richardson, E.

doi:10.1172/jci103025

Cited by 29 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Adrenal crisis may have been the cause of death for many of the UME dolphins with adrenal cortical atrophy following stress events to which a healthy dolphin could have otherwise adapted. In addition to the cold weather during 2011, adrenal crisis could have also been precipitated by late-term pregnancies and infections, including bacterial pneumonia [ 57 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenal Gland and Lung Lesions in Gulf of Mexico Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) Found Dead following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

et al. 2015

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A northern Gulf of Mexico (GoM) cetacean unusual mortality event (UME) involving primarily bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama began in February 2010 and continued into 2014. Overlapping in time and space with this UME was the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, which was proposed as a contributing cause of adrenal disease, lung disease, and poor health in live dolphins examined during 2011 in Barataria Bay, Louisiana. To assess potential contributing factors and causes of deaths for stranded UME dolphins from June 2010 through December 2012, lung and adrenal gland tissues were histologically evaluated from 46 fresh dead non-perinatal carcasses that stranded in Louisiana (including 22 from Barataria Bay), Mississippi, and Alabama. UME dolphins were tested for evidence of biotoxicosis, morbillivirus infection, and brucellosis. Results were compared to up to 106 fresh dead stranded dolphins from outside the UME area or prior to the DWH spill. UME dolphins were more likely to have primary bacterial pneumonia (22% compared to 2% in non-UME dolphins, P = .003) and thin adrenal cortices (33% compared to 7% in non-UME dolphins, P = .003). In 70% of UME dolphins with primary bacterial pneumonia, the condition either caused or contributed significantly to death. Brucellosis and morbillivirus infections were detected in 7% and 11% of UME dolphins, respectively, and biotoxin levels were low or below the detection limit, indicating that these were not primary causes of the current UME. The rare, life-threatening, and chronic adrenal gland and lung diseases identified in stranded UME dolphins are consistent with exposure to petroleum compounds as seen in other mammals. Exposure of dolphins to elevated petroleum compounds present in coastal GoM waters during and after the DWH oil spill is proposed as a cause of adrenal and lung disease and as a contributor to increased dolphin deaths.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenal Gland and Lung Lesions in Gulf of Mexico Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) Found Dead following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

et al. 2015

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“…The subject was expertly reviewed by Hills, Venning, Dohan, Webster, and Richardson (1954), and the conclusion was reached that there was no proof of an increased output of corticosteroids. From studies mentioned above it appears sound to assume that the amounts of cortisol metabolites appearing in urine as 1 7-KGS or 1 7(OH)CS do reflect quantitatively the adrenal output of cortisol, but the observations on which this assumption is based did not extend to the pregnant state.…”

Section: The Effect Of Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticosteroid Metabolism and Rheumatoid Arthritis

West¹

1957

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

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“…However, the source of these "adrenal-like" steroids has not been clearly established. It is also known that urinary steroid values in patients with Addison's disease show progressive increases with advancing pregnancy (23,24). Again, the source of these "corticoids" remains a matter of debate.…”

Section: Hypopituitarismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Intravenously-Administered ACTH on Plasma 17, 21-Dihydroxy-20-Ketosteroids in Normal Individuals and in Patients with Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex1

Christy¹,

Wallace²,

Jailer³

1955

J. Clin. Invest.

104

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Studies have been performed in this laboratory on plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroid levels in patients with endocrine and non-endocrine diseases (12). During the course of these investigations, it became apparent that there are disease states, particularly primary adrenal insufficiency and hypopituitarism, in which plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroid levels determined before and after ACTH administration may give a more accurate picture of adrenal capacity than single plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroid levels. These findings prompted an evaluation of plasma 17-hydroxycorticosteroid response to ACTH in patients with a variety of disorders of the adrenal cortex as compared with normal subjects.

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Pregnancy and Adrenocortical Function: Endocrine Studies of Pregnancy Occurring in Two Adrenal-Deficient Women1

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Adrenal Gland and Lung Lesions in Gulf of Mexico Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) Found Dead following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

Adrenal Gland and Lung Lesions in Gulf of Mexico Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) Found Dead following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

Corticosteroid Metabolism and Rheumatoid Arthritis

The Effect of Intravenously-Administered ACTH on Plasma 17, 21-Dihydroxy-20-Ketosteroids in Normal Individuals and in Patients with Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex1

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