Pregnancy and Adaptation in the Conditions of the Subarctic Region

Abstract

The aim of study: investigation of the physiological parameters of gestational adaptation depending on the region, residence duration and migration composition of the population. Methods. In the dynamics of gestation heart rate variability, neurovegetative, metabolic, morphological indices, types of adaptation reactions were studied in 280 young women of the Sic-Ural region and the subarctic region of the Middle Ob Area. Results. The conjugation of the processes of population and gestational adaptation is typical for the migrants of the subarctic region, in comparison with the residents of the Sic-Ural region: in the first trimester of pregnancy a significant increase in the heart rate is recorded at 7-12/min, p = 0.010-0.015; the systolic blood pressure value is 6-8 mm Hg, p = 0.010-0.015; alternation of regulatory mechanisms with increasing needs of resource provision and the prevalence of parasympathetic influences, an increase of pregnant women in the state of adaptation stress to 26-36 %, p = 0.035-0.040; formation of the "northern" type of metabolism (borderline hypoproteinemia in the third trimester of pregnancy: 61.0-64.0 g/l, p = 0.0001, shifted parameters of carbohydrate metabolism: glucose level 4.2-4.3 mmol/l; p = 0.2; difference in anthropometric indicators of newborns: body weight 3 450-3 555 g, p = 0.002, body length 52-53 cm, p = 0.0001). The alternation of urgent and long-term adaptation processes chronologically associated with the dominant states, the predominant sympathicotonic free reactivity were revealed in women, residents of the Sic-Ural region, during the physiological course of the process ("pregnancy norm "). These processes were accompanied by a balance of homeostasis and resource provision parameters. Conclusions. The parameters of gestational and population adaptation in the subarctic region are connected, reflect regional peculiarities of the range "norm of pregnancy" and determine the necessity for preconceptional preparation and rehabilitation activities.