“…The sub-Qua ter nary sur face was formed by gla cial and melt wa ter ero sional pro cesses and by tec tonic ver ti cal movements that took place dur ing the Qua ter nary pe riod (Šliaupa et al, 1995a, b;Dzier¿ek, 1997;Kurzawa, 2002Kurzawa, , 2003Šliaupa and Šliaupa, 2011;Krotova-Putintseva and Verbitskiy, 2012). The subglacial re lief had sig nif i cant in flu ence on the ice sheet dy nam ics, re sult ing in lat eral vari a tions in the com po si tion of the Qua ter nary suc ces sion (Šliaupa and Bitinas, 1986;Niewiarowski and Pasierbski, 1999).…”
The Paleoproterozoic Mid-Lith u a nian Su ture Zone rep re sents one of the ma jor struc tures of the crys tal line base ment of Lithu a nia, sep a rat ing the West Lith u a nian and the East Lith u a nian do mains. This zone has shown per sis tently low tec tonic ac tiv ity dur ing the Phanerozoic. The Mid-Lith u a nian Su ture Zone is marked by a dis tinct Mid dle Lith u a nian top o graphic low un der lain by a trough in the sub-Qua ter nary sur face that sug gests the morphotectonic na ture of this de pres sion. This is supported by high-pre ci sion geo detic lev el ling data that has un rav elled the sub si dence trend of the Mid dle Lith u a nian trough. The zone is also dis tinct in its pat tern of top o graphic lin ea ments. The per sis tence of the tec tonic ac tiv ity of the Mid-Lith u a nian Su ture Zone sug gests that it rep re sents a large-scale me chan i cal bound ary of the Earth's crust, re sult ing in in creased ac cumu la tion of tec tonic strain.
“…The sub-Qua ter nary sur face was formed by gla cial and melt wa ter ero sional pro cesses and by tec tonic ver ti cal movements that took place dur ing the Qua ter nary pe riod (Šliaupa et al, 1995a, b;Dzier¿ek, 1997;Kurzawa, 2002Kurzawa, , 2003Šliaupa and Šliaupa, 2011;Krotova-Putintseva and Verbitskiy, 2012). The subglacial re lief had sig nif i cant in flu ence on the ice sheet dy nam ics, re sult ing in lat eral vari a tions in the com po si tion of the Qua ter nary suc ces sion (Šliaupa and Bitinas, 1986;Niewiarowski and Pasierbski, 1999).…”
The Paleoproterozoic Mid-Lith u a nian Su ture Zone rep re sents one of the ma jor struc tures of the crys tal line base ment of Lithu a nia, sep a rat ing the West Lith u a nian and the East Lith u a nian do mains. This zone has shown per sis tently low tec tonic ac tiv ity dur ing the Phanerozoic. The Mid-Lith u a nian Su ture Zone is marked by a dis tinct Mid dle Lith u a nian top o graphic low un der lain by a trough in the sub-Qua ter nary sur face that sug gests the morphotectonic na ture of this de pres sion. This is supported by high-pre ci sion geo detic lev el ling data that has un rav elled the sub si dence trend of the Mid dle Lith u a nian trough. The zone is also dis tinct in its pat tern of top o graphic lin ea ments. The per sis tence of the tec tonic ac tiv ity of the Mid-Lith u a nian Su ture Zone sug gests that it rep re sents a large-scale me chan i cal bound ary of the Earth's crust, re sult ing in in creased ac cumu la tion of tec tonic strain.
“…Of particular interest are the narrow palaeovalleys that are widespread in the northwestern EEP (Isachenkov, 1981; Krotova‐Putintseva and Verbitskiy, 2012). Following the above outlined approach to proglacial lake reconstruction, some palaeovalleys are considered to have been embayments of these lakes or glacial meltwater discharge channels.…”
A proglacial lake system formed during the Late Valdai (Weichselian) Ice Sheet recession on the East European Plain. Poor knowledge about chronology, levels and the drainage pathways of ice-dammed lakes does not allow us to fully evaluate their palaeogeographic significance. This study focuses on the Izborsko-Malskaya Valley where fingerprints of a glaciolacustrine environment were found. Based on litho-, biostratigraphic and geochronological data, it is estimated that the proglacial lake in the Izborsko-Malskaya Valley existed from ~14.3 ka cal. BP (the Vashinogorskaya Valley from ~14.9 ka (optically stimulated luminescence)) to 13.2 ka cal. BP. The maximum level was ~72 m a.s.l. (above sea level) and the minimum was ~53 m a.s.l. Sedimentation proceeded mostly in deepwater conditions. The ice-dammed lake in the Izborsko-Malskaya and nearest valleys could have been part of a huge lake on the Pskov lowland which formed after ~15.7 ka cal. BP. The lake level dropped rapidly when the proglacial Lake Pskovsko-Chudskoe (Peipsi) connected with the Baltic Ice Lake. A lacustrine regime was preserved only in the southern portion of the Izborsko-Malskaya Valley after drainage and still exists in the modern lakes. The presented approaches to the ice-dammed lake reconstruction could be useful for the verification of other lakes which existed on the East European Plain.
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