Prefrontal granular cortex of the rhesus monkey. I. Intrahemispheric cortical afferents

Jacobson, Stanley; Trojanowski, John Q.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(77)90417-6

Cited by 173 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The direct comparison here demonstrates that apparently homologous areas also exist in the human brain. Circumstantial evidence (mostly collected before the localization of the face patches per se) suggests that these face-responsive regions are anatomically interconnected in a wider network of face processing throughout the brain (18,40,(42)(43)(44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An anterior temporal face patch in human cortex, predicted by macaque maps

Rajimehr

Young

Tootell

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

254

235

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Increasing evidence suggests that primate visual cortex has a specialized architecture for processing discrete object categories such as faces. Human fMRI studies have described a localized region in the fusiform gyrus [the fusiform face area (FFA)] that responds selectively to faces. In contrast, in nonhuman primates, electrophysiological and fMRI studies have instead revealed 2 apparently analogous regions of face representation: the posterior temporal face patch (PTFP) and the anterior temporal face patch (ATFP). An earlier study suggested that human FFA is homologous to the PTFP in macaque. However, in humans, no obvious homologue of the macaque ATFP has been demonstrated. Here, we used fMRI to map face-selective sites in both humans and macaques, based on equivalent stimuli in a quantitative topographic comparison. This fMRI evidence suggests that such a face-selective area exists in human anterior inferotemporal cortex, comprising the apparent homologue of the fMRI-defined ATFP in macaques.face processing ͉ fMRI ͉ inferotemporal cortex ͉ macaque-human homology T he fusiform face area (FFA) is one of the most distinctive regions in the human ventral temporal cortex. A wide range of noninvasive techniques, including PET, fMRI, ERP, and MEG have shown that FFA responds selectively to images of faces, relative to a wide variety of control objects (1-7). Such approaches have revealed an enormous amount about face selectivity in this distinctive region of human cerebral cortex.Such noninvasive techniques cannot furnish the kind of incisive information that is available from classical neurobiological techniques (e.g., single-unit recording) in nonhuman primates. These 2 realms have begun to be bridged by recent fMRI studies in awake monkeys, which demonstrated that apparently homologous face-selective regions also exist in macaque inferotemporal (IT) cortex (8,9). Subsequent experiments reported that Ϸ97% of the single units in the largest face-selective region (the so-called posterior temporal face patch, located in caudal TE) respond strongly and selectively to images of faces, compared with images of control objects (10). This fMRI and physiological evidence supports the idea that this region of monkey cortex is indeed selective for faces.A computational transformation concluded that this posterior temporal face patch (PTFP) in macaques is located in a cortical region that corresponds topographically to area FFA in human subjects (8). This analysis assumes that neighborhood relations between specific cortical areas are evolutionarily conserved across the sheet of cortical gray matter, as validated in many previous human-monkey comparisons (11-14).However, this conclusion raises a significant issue. In macaques, an additional face-selective region is consistently found further anterior in the temporal lobe, in rostral TE (8-10, 15, 16); here, this is termed the anterior temporal face patch (ATFP). However, in humans, no such area (i.e., anterior to FFA) has been reported by conventional fMRI mapping of face rep...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An anterior temporal face patch in human cortex, predicted by macaque maps

Rajimehr

Young

Tootell

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

254

235

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“…Furthermore, we can see anatomical differentiation between these two areas : The IDL area receives neural projection from the inferotemporal cortex via both cortico-cortical (JACOBSON and TRO-JANOWSKI, 1977;JONES and POWELL, 1970;KUYPERS et al, 1965) and subcortical (NAUTA, 1972;TROJANOWSKI and JACOBSON, 1974;WHITLOCK and NAUTA, 1956) pathways. On the other hand, the arcuate area receives input from the prestriate cortex via a cortico-cortical pathway (JACOBSON and TROJANOWSKI, 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, there is a similarity between some neurons of the prefrontal cortex and those of the parietal association cortex. An anatomical connection of the IDL area with area 7 via a cortico-cortical pathway (JACOBSON and TROJANOWSKI, 1977;PANDYA et al, 1971) may be responsible for generating similar neuronal behavior in these neurons. Furthermore, ROBINSON et al (1978) found that the visual fixation neurons in area 7 have visual properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus and Behavioral Factors Contributing to the Activation of Monkey Prefrontal Neurons during Gazing

1979

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Many neurons in the inferior dorsolateral area of the monkey prefrontal cortex showed sustained increases in discharge rates during continuous gazing at a tiny light spot that had a reward significance. These increases might depend upon stimulus factors (light target), behavioral factors (gazing) or both. In this report, we tried to separate these factors and to test the extent to which each factor might contribute to the neuronal reaction. Monkeys were trained to exhibit two kinds of behavior : 1) maintained gazing at a light target and 2) "gazing" behavior without a clear target. We then examined neuronal behavior in these two kinds of gazing behavior. During "gazing at target," many prefrontal neurons showed tonic activation ; thus the previous findings were confirmed. These neurons behaved in various ways in "gazing without target" : 1) some of the neurons were activated to the same extent as in "gazing at target" ; 2) many others also showed activation but with lower discharge rates; and 3) the rest of the neurons completely ceased activation. Such variation in discharge patterns may be interpreted as meaning that there is a continuous and graded difference among individual neurons in the dependence of their gaze-related activation upon a visible target. Then it seems that the stimulus factors are involved in a graded manner in generation of the activation, and further that other factors, probably behavioral ones, also contribute in part to it.Recent investigations have revealed that during delayed-response tasks many neurons in the prefrontal cortex exhibit increased discharge rates with various patterns. Activation is seen during the presentation of the pre-delay cue, the delay period and/or animals' responses upon cue presentation (FUSTER, 1973;KUBOTA et al., 1974). Such activation of prefrontal cortical neurons may be related to the choice and use of visual cues in delayed-response performance. However, the variety of activation patterns seen and the rather complex sequence of stimulus and behavioral events present in this task have impeded further analysis

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“…10 ' 26 ' 28 ' 62 In accordance with these anatomic connections, neurons in the prearcuate region respond to visual and auditory stimuli and dorsolateral cortical ablation results in disruption of tasks involving visual and auditory discrimination. 3JI ' 81 ' 94 Because of its anatomic connections and physiologic properties, the dorsolateral cortex has hitherto been considered as a large polymodal region.…”

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confidence: 95%

Cortical afferent input to the principals region of the rhesus monkey

1985

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Abstract-The sources of ipsilateral cortical afferent projections to regions along both banks of the principalis sulcus in the prefrontal cortex were studied with horseradish peroxidase in macaque monkeys. The principalis cortex receives a substantial proportion of its projections from neighboring prefrontal regions. However, differences were noted in the distribution of labeled cells projecting to the various principalis regions. These differences were most marked with respect to the relative proportion of cells originating in visual, auditory, somatosensory, premotor and limbic cortical areas. The findings indicate that the caudal ventral principalis region receives projections from both visual and visuomotor regions, whereas the anterior tip of the principalis appears to be the major target of projections from auditory association regions. The ventral bank at the middle extent of the principalis was the only case with a significant proportion of labeled cells in somatosensory association and premotor regions. There was a consistent increase in the proportion of labeled cells in limbic cortical areas projecting to more rostral principalis sites, irrespective of whether the injection was placed in the dorsal or ventral bank.These findings suggest that the caudal principalis region has a visual-visuomotor and the rostral, an auditorylimbic bias with respect to the long projections they receive.

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Prefrontal granular cortex of the rhesus monkey. I. Intrahemispheric cortical afferents

Cited by 173 publications

References 24 publications

An anterior temporal face patch in human cortex, predicted by macaque maps

An anterior temporal face patch in human cortex, predicted by macaque maps

Stimulus and Behavioral Factors Contributing to the Activation of Monkey Prefrontal Neurons during Gazing

Cortical afferent input to the principals region of the rhesus monkey

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