Preferential Partitioning of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Freshwater Ice
Summer L. Sherman-Bertinetti,
Kaitlyn J. Gruber,
Christina K. Remucal
Abstract:Millions of lakes worldwide freeze, yet the fate of per-
and polyfluoroalkyl
substances (PFAS) in ice in freshwater systems is poorly understood.
We quantified concentrations of 36 PFAS, dissolved organic carbon
(DOC), and inorganic ions in ice and water in seven freshwater lakes
to investigate the preferential exclusion of ions during freezing.
PFAS concentrations in ice are typically lower than in the water column,
demonstrating that these chemicals are excluded from ice as it freezes.
However, there is pref… Show more
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