Preferential isolation of Megasphaera elsdenii from pig feces

Kajihara, Yu; Yoshikawa, Shota; Cho, Yuichiro; Ito, Toshiyuki; Miyamoto, Hirokuni; Kodama, Hiroaki

doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.08.013

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…At the genus level, piglets fed with the SDPP diet rather than the PC diet had the highest fecal Lactobacillus and Streptococcus abundances, which agreed well with previous study ( Tran et al., 2018 ). As we know, Lactobacillus and Streptococcus are 2 major genera in pig feces, belonging to Firmicutes , with the function of producing lactate ( Kajihara et al., 2017 ) that can inhibit putrefying bacteria growth ( Yang et al., 2015 ), and show positive effects in piglets' intestine ( Castillo et al., 2007 ). In the current study, the greater abundance of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus in the SDPP group was consistent with its better growth performance and lower fecal score, which reflected a distinct way in enhancing piglets’ performance and declining diarrhea compared with antibiotics and zinc oxide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential responses of weaned piglets to supplemental porcine or chicken plasma in diets without inclusion of antibiotics and zinc oxide

et al. 2021

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of spray-dried porcine plasma protein (SDPP) or spray-dried chicken plasma protein (SDCP) supplementation in diets without the inclusion of antibiotics and zinc oxide (ZnO) on growth performance, fecal score, and fecal microbiota in early-weaned piglets. A total of 192 healthy weaning piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, 21 d old) were blocked by BW (6.53 ± 0.60 kg) and randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments: negative control (NC, basal diet), positive control (PC), basal diet + ZnO at 2 g/kg and antibiotics at 0.8 g/kg), SDPP (containing 5% SDPP), and SDCP (containing 5% SDCP). The experiment lasted 14 d. The SDPP group had higher ( P < 0.05) final BW, average daily gain and average daily feed intake than the NC and SDCP groups. The percentage of piglets with fecal scores at 2 or ≥2 was higher ( P < 0.05) in the NC and SDCP groups than in the PC group. A decreased ( P < 0.05) bacterial alpha diversity and Bacteroidetes abundance, but increased ( P < 0.05) Firmicutes abundance were observed in the PC and SDPP groups when compared to the NC group. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus was higher ( P < 0.05) in the SDPP than in the SDCP group, and that of Streptococcus was higher ( P < 0.01) in the PC and SDPP groups than in the NC group. The PC group also had higher ( P < 0.01) Faecalibacterium abundance than the NC and SDCP groups. Additionally, the SDCP group had higher ( P < 0.05) serum urea nitrogen than those fed other diets, and lower ( P < 0.10) short-chain fatty acids to branched-chain fatty acids ratio than the PC and SDPP groups. Overall, SDPP was a promising animal protein for piglets in increasing feed intake, modifying gut microbiota profile, reducing gut protein fermentation and alleviating diarrhea frequency, thus promoting growth performance, under the conditions with limited in-feed utilization of antibiotics and ZnO.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential responses of weaned piglets to supplemental porcine or chicken plasma in diets without inclusion of antibiotics and zinc oxide

et al. 2021

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“…However, SCFA production depends on the substrate availability and microbiota composition ( Holmes et al., 2020 ). Some bacteria also produce lactate and succinate, which can be absorbed by the intestinal cells or further converted to propionate by the microbiota ( Kajihara et al., 2017 ).…”

Section: Mucosa-associated Microbiota and Intestinal Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal microbiota and its interaction to intestinal health in nursery pigs

Duarte

Kim

2022

Animal Nutrition

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The intestinal microbiota has gained increased attention from researchers within the swine industry due to its role in promoting intestinal maturation, immune system modulation, and consequently the enhancement of the health and growth performance of the host. This review aimed to provide updated scientific information on the interaction among intestinal microbiota, dietary components, and intestinal health of pigs. The small intestine is a key site to evaluate the interaction of the microbiota, diet, and host because it is the main site for digestion and absorption of nutrients and plays an important role within the immune system. The diet and its associated components such as feed additives are the main factors affecting the microbial composition and is central in stimulating a beneficial population of microbiota. The microbiota–host interaction modulates the immune system, and, concurrently, the immune system helps to modulate the microbiota composition. The direct interaction between the microbiota and the host is an indication that the mucosa-associated microbiota can be more effective in evaluating its effect on health parameters. It was demonstrated that the mucosa-associated microbiota should be evaluated when analyzing the interaction among diets, microbiota, and health. In addition, supplementation of feed additives aimed to promote the intestinal health of pigs should consider their roles in the modulation of mucosa-associated microbiota as biomarkers to predict the response of growth performance to dietary interventions.

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“…are abundant and important in the human gut microbiota, and their capacity to produce important metabolites indicates beneficial health effects on the host. Megasphaera elsdenii was reported to comprise approximately 0.12% to 5.9% of bacteria in pig feces [44], where it uses both L-and D -lactate and increases short-chain fatty acids, which are crucial for pig colonocyte development and proliferation, as well as small intestine growth [45]. We, therefore, hypothesized that Megasphaera abundance increases in the intestines of pigs in response to the lactate produced by abundant Lactobacillus, and may positively influence intestinal disorders or immune responses following DON and ZEN dietary treatment of pigs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of commercially purified deoxynivalenol and zearalenone mycotoxins on microbial diversity of pig cecum contents

Reddy

Kim

et al. 2021

Anim Biosci

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Objective: Deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) are mycotoxins that frequently contaminate maize and grain cereals, imposing risks to the health of both humans and animals and leading to economic losses. The gut microbiome has been shown to help combat the effects of such toxins, with certain microorganisms reported to contribute significantly to the detoxification process. Methods: We examined the cecum contents of three different dietary groups of pigs (control, as well as diets contaminated with 8 mg DON/kg feed or 0.8 mg ZEN/kg feed). Bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons were acquired from the cecum contents and evaluated by nextgeneration sequencing. Results: A total of 2,539,288 sequences were generated with ~500 nucleotide read lengths. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla, occupying more than 96% of all three groups. Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Megasphaera, and Campylobacter showed potential as biomarkers for each group. Particularly, Lactobacillus and Bacteroides were more abundant in the DON and ZEN groups than in the control. Additionally, 52,414 operational taxonomic units were detected in the three groups; those of Bacteroides, Lacto bacillus, Campylobacter, and Prevotella were most dominant and significantly varied between groups. Hence, contamination of feed by DON and ZEN affected the cecum microbiota, while Lactobacillus and Bacteroides were highly abundant and positively influenced the host physiology. Conclusion: Lactobacillus and Bacteroides play key roles in the process of detoxification and improving the immune response. We, therefore, believe that these results may be useful for determining whether disturbances in the intestinal microflora, such as the toxic effects of DON and ZEN, can be treated by modulating the intestinal bacterial flora.

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Preferential isolation of Megasphaera elsdenii from pig feces

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Differential responses of weaned piglets to supplemental porcine or chicken plasma in diets without inclusion of antibiotics and zinc oxide

Differential responses of weaned piglets to supplemental porcine or chicken plasma in diets without inclusion of antibiotics and zinc oxide

Intestinal microbiota and its interaction to intestinal health in nursery pigs

Effect of commercially purified deoxynivalenol and zearalenone mycotoxins on microbial diversity of pig cecum contents

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