Preferential Destruction of Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Laser Irradiation

Huang, Hao; Maruyama, Ryuichiro; Noda, Kazuhiro; Kajiura, Hisashi; Kadono, Koji

doi:10.1021/jp056684k

Cited by 143 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…On the other hand, others report the lack of any positive effect, [25][26][27][28] or selective removal of metallic or semiconducting tubes. [29][30][31] However, in the literature, CNT purication and healing with laser has been limited in scope and data volume. Power, wavelength and atmosphere have been explored to a certain extent, yet radiation times and technical applications are missing.…”

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confidence: 99%

In situ tracking of defect healing and purification of single-wall carbon nanotubes with laser radiation by time-resolved Raman spectroscopy

et al. 2015

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a Defects and impurities in carbon nanotubes (CNTs), inherent to all synthesis routes, are generally addressed by thermal and/or chemical post treatments. These require atmosphere control, time-consuming temperature ramping, chemical handling, and often incur further defects. Furthermore, certain applications require nanotube treatments, such as dispersion, that cause further unwanted damage. Laser radiation was found to drastically increase purity, crystallinity and mean inter-defect distance while reducing defects, as indicated by Raman spectroscopy, effectively annealing our single-wall CNTs. Laser power density and radiation times, in other words, fluence, were optimised. When applied to CNTs with mechanically induced defects, these were almost fully eliminated. In addition to the tuned annealing of CNTs, unintentional sample modification can occur during Raman measurements if the influence of the power density and the exposure time are underestimated or disregarded. Fast laser radiation times and simple manipulation outdo common purification treatments. Additionally, selective shape and sitespecific parameters come into play such as interference patterns. Such arrangements of alternating tube quality, that is, in a CNT mat, could be interesting for preferred electronic conduction paths and find applications in, for example, interdigitated electrodes or sensors.

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confidence: 99%

In situ tracking of defect healing and purification of single-wall carbon nanotubes with laser radiation by time-resolved Raman spectroscopy

et al. 2015

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“…For example, the laser intensity I available by experiment for 5 fs duration is 4 Â 10 15 W=cm 2 [38], with corresponding electric field E ¼ 17:4 V= # A according to the formula I ¼ 1=2 0 cE 2 , where 0 and c are the dielectric function of vacuum and velocity of light, respectively. Reference [39] reported that metallic nanotubes tend to be destroyed by laser power lower than 1 mW=m 2 . However, in that case, the additional chemical functionalization was needed, and thus revisiting that experiment with use of ultrashort laser pulse with higher intensities would shed light on the role of chemical functionalization for the selectivity in destroying metallic tubes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

First-Principles Simulations of Chemical Reactions in an HCl Molecule Embedded inside a C or BN Nanotube Induced by Ultrafast Laser Pulses

Miyamoto

Zhang²,

Rubio³

2010

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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We show by first-principles simulations that ultrafast laser pulses induce different chemical reactions in a molecule trapped inside a nanotube. A strong laser pulse polarized perpendicular to the tube axis induces a giant bond stretch of an encapsulated HCl molecule in semiconducting carbon nanotube or in a BN nanotube. Depending on the initial orientation of the HCl molecule, the subsequent laser-induced dynamics is different: either complete disintegration or rebonding of the HCl molecule. Radial motion of the nanotube is always observed and a vacancy appears on the tube wall when the HCl is perpendicular to the tube axis. The photophysical and photochemical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have attracted a lot of interest recently [1-4] almost 20 years after the identification of chiral structures of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [5,6]. The nanometer space inside SWCNTs has been used to fill nanotubes with metals [7] and molecules [8][9][10]. The rich variety of chemical properties and the modifications of those induced by the tube-wall confinement have opened a new avenue of research linked to the one-dimensional nanoconfined chemistry. SWCNTs could be used to control molecular self-assembly which is a key in nanotechnology. Photochemistry in those confined spaces was observed for photoharvesting chromophores inside CNTs [11] and their carrier dynamics were analyzed by optical spectroscopy [12]. Understanding the confinement effect in the photophysics and photochemistry of encapsulated molecules is of fundamental and practical interest.In this Letter, we propose using a short and intense laser pulse to control the photochemistry of molecules inside carbon and BN nanotubes. The benefit of trapping molecules inside CNTs is to increase the cross section of the photoirradiation compared to those in gas phase. To theoretically simulate the photochemical dynamics in such nanospace we should take into account depolarization [13][14][15] or enhancement [16] of the optical electric field (E field) depending on the optical frequency. A firstprinciples approach is needed, which has motivated the work in the Letter. We chose an HCl molecule as a test case and found significant expansion or dissociation of the molecule depending on the molecular orientation inside an (8,0) carbon nanotube or inside an (8,0) BN nanotube under irradiation of strong and short laser pulse.Photochemical reactions can be treated within timedependent density functional theory (TDDFT) [17].TDDFT using the simplest local-density approximation (TDLDA) was applied to study the dynamics of metal clusters and isolated molecules [18,19] in the presence of a strong laser pulse. We extended this type of TDLDA approach to photochemistry in the nanospace inside SWCNTs. Dynamics of the HCl molecule inside semiconducting nanotubes was calculated under the pulse laser with wavelength of 800 nm and the full width at half maximum as 2 fs. These conditions make duration time of the pulse only 4 fs and make the pulse shape strongly asymmetric in ...

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“…Because the photons directly access the electronic energy structures of SWCNTs in a resonant manner, it may be possible to selectively manipulate SWCNTs based on their chirality. According to our results, to reduce the portion of metallic SWCNTs in a mixed sample, we should consider two factors: (i) a proper laser photon energy that matches the resonant absorption metallic SWCNTs instead of semiconducting SWCNTs and (ii) an appropriate gas and temperature that are conducive to make metallic SWCNTs susceptible to oxidation 18 .…”

Section: Thermal Conductivity Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent light absorption investigations of individual nanotubes have focused on different resonant and nonresonant modes using spatial modulation spectroscopy 12 , polarization-based homodyne microscope 13 , and photoconductivity spectra 14 . However, to avoid the optical detection difficulty from the small cross section of SWCNTs, the light-induced thermal effect was considered a suitable method to study the thermal and optical properties of CNTs, which is also significant to both the function of optical devices 15 and SWCNT species control [16][17][18] . In arrays of nanotubes with mixed structures and chirality, unusual laser-induced ''heat trap'' phenomena have recently been observed 19,20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical visualization and polarized light absorption of the single-wall carbon nanotube to verify intrinsic thermal applications

Xiao

Cai

et al. 2015

Light Sci Appl

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The predicted extraordinary properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from theoretical calculations have great potential for many applications. However, reliable experimental determination of intrinsic properties at the single-tube level is currently a matter of concern, and many challenges remain because of the unhandled and nanoscale size of individual nanotubes. Here, we demonstrated a prototype to detect the intrinsic thermal conductivity of the single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) and verify the significant non-resonant optical absorption behavior on tiny nanotubes by integrating the nanotube and ice into a new core-shell design. In particular, a reversible optical visualization method based on the individual suspended ultra-long SWCNT was first developed by wrapping a nanotube with ice in the cryogenic air environment. The light-induced thermal effect on the hybrid core-shell structure was used to melt the ice shell, which subsequently acted as a temperature sensor to verify the intrinsic thermal conductivity of the core-like nanotube. More interestingly, we successfully determined for the first time the thermal response phenomenon of the tiny absorption cross section in SWCNT in the vertical-polarization configuration and the significant non-resonant absorption behavior in the parallel-polarization configuration. These investigations will provide a better understanding for the unique optical behaviors of CNT and enable the detection of intrinsic properties of various one-dimensional nanostructures such as nanotubes, nanowires, and nanoribbons.

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Preferential Destruction of Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Laser Irradiation

Cited by 143 publications

References 21 publications

In situ tracking of defect healing and purification of single-wall carbon nanotubes with laser radiation by time-resolved Raman spectroscopy

In situ tracking of defect healing and purification of single-wall carbon nanotubes with laser radiation by time-resolved Raman spectroscopy

First-Principles Simulations of Chemical Reactions in an HCl Molecule Embedded inside a C or BN Nanotube Induced by Ultrafast Laser Pulses

Optical visualization and polarized light absorption of the single-wall carbon nanotube to verify intrinsic thermal applications

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