Preferential Degradation of Pit Membranes within Tracheids by the Basidiomycete Physisporinus vitreus

Schwarze, Francis W. M. R.; Landmesser, Helge

doi:10.1515/hf.2000.077

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In contrast, degradation of piceoid pit membranes in P. abies was more localised and was restricted to cells near the outer surfaces of the specimens. Previous studies have demonstrated that most brown-and white-rot fungi have the capacity to hydrolyse the pectin in pit membranes during incipient decay, which facilitates colonisation (Cowling 1961;Wilcox 1968;Green and Clausen 1999;Schwarze and Landmesser 2000;Schwarze et al 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major disadvantage is that fungi also weaken the wood by degrading the secondary walls as well as the pit membranes . The white rot fungus Physisporinus vitreus is an exception in this regard; it preferentially degrades the pit membranes of bordered pits in the heartwood of conifers under controlled conditions, and causes only negligible mass losses (Schwarze and Landmesser 2000). This fungus is, however, capable of strongly degrading water-saturated timber in cooling towers (Schmidt et al 1996(Schmidt et al , 1997.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Permeability changes in heartwood of Picea abies and Abies alba induced by incubation with Physisporinus vitreus

et al. 2006

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The present study shows that isolates of P. vitreus have an extraordinary capacity to induce substantial permeability changes in heartwood of P. abies without causing significant losses in impact bending strength. The degradation of pit membranes by P. vitreus is an important aspect that could also have significant benefits in wood protection processes. Further studies are currently in progress with the objective of optimising the uniformity of wood colonisation and duration of incubation, so as to improve the permeability of water-borne wood preservatives or hydrophobic substances applied by brushing, dipping and impregnation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permeability changes in heartwood of Picea abies and Abies alba induced by incubation with Physisporinus vitreus

et al. 2006

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“…Assumptions are possible in this regard that the opposite process may occur in the portion unaffected by the rot. When hyphae penetrate into cells, most of wood-decaying fungi are capable of hydrolysing pectin in the surface membranes (Green and Clausen 1999;Schwarze and Landmesser 2000); generally, it is the first of the changes in the internal environment as the fungus colonisation takes place. Penetrating hyphae and intense enzymatic activity in wood decomposition (Schwarze 2007) cause changes in the content of ions in the wood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical impedance tomography for decay diagnostics of Norway spruce (<i>Picea abies</i>): possibilities and opportunities

Humplík¹,

Čermák²,

Žid³

2016

Silva Fenn.

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Humplík P., Čermák P., Žid T. (2016). Electrical impedance tomography for decay diagnostics of Norway spruce (Picea abies): possibilities and opportunities. Silva Fennica vol. 50 no. 1 article id 1341. 13 p. Highlights• Statistical parameters of EIT datasets with values of electrical resistance of heartwood are possible to employ in refining heartwood rot diagnostics.• Sapwood proportion is decreasing as the proportion of decay on the radial cut expands.• Using EIT datasets and sapwood proportion, trees with rot can be split into two groups as per proportion of decay: [< 35%] and [> 35%]. AbstractThe paper aimed at testing the potential of refining tree rot diagnostics carried out by means of electrical impedance tomography (EIT). Examined was the use of EIT datasets with electrical resistance values and sapwood proportion determined on the basis of tomograms. Making use of datasets with resistance values in EIT rot diagnostics is not a default method, although datasets stay unaffected by a fixed colour scale and subsequent subjective evaluation unlike tomograms. Tomography measurement was carried out for 27 individuals of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) in two stands north-east of Brno, Czech Republic. Once felled down, radial cut-outs were sampled at the measurement site and used for localising rot and determining the extent of the area of decay. The results were subsequently compared with tomograms. EIT datasets containing values of electrical resistance found by measuring were statistically processed and compared with the extent of rot area identified within the cuts. Sapwood proportion values were also detected using the tomograms. The baseline assumption that sapwood proportion decreases as the rot area in the radial cut expands was confirmed. In trees with rot percentage to 35% approximately, sapwood proportion was exceeding 30% except one tree. In trees with rot percentage exceeding 35%, sapwood proportion was below 30%. On the basis of interpreted datasets, the trees can be split into three characteristic groups that correspond to the occurrence, extent and nature of the rot.

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“…wood by means of a biotechnological method called ''bioincising'' has been investigated intensively during the past years (Schwarze and Landmesser 2000;Schwarze et al 2006;Schubert et al 2009;Schwarze and Schubert 2009;Lehringer et al 2010;Lehringer et al 2011). Hereby, the white rot fungus Physisporinus vitreus is supposed to selectively degrade the membranes of the bordered and half-bordered pits during short-term incubation times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Physisporinus vitreus on wood properties of Norway spruce. Part 2: Aspects of microtensile strength and chemical changes

et al. 2011

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The biotechnological application of the white rot fungus Physisporinus vitreus named ''bioincising'' is currently being investigated for permeability improvement of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) wood. During short-term (-9 weeks) incubation, fungal activity induces degradation of pit membranes and a simultaneous alteration of the tracheid cell wall structure. In Part 1 of this article series, the occurrence of selective delignification and simultaneous degradation was shown by UV-microspectrophotometry (UMSP). Moreover, significant reduction of Brinell hardness was recorded after 7 and 9 weeks incubation. For a better understanding of the chemical alterations in the wood constituents and the corresponding changes of mechanical properties due to fungal activity, we applied microtensile tests on thin strips that were prepared from the surface of incubated Norway spruce wood. Indications for the occurrence of selective delignification and simultaneous degradation were evident. Determination of lignin content and carbohydrate analysis by borate anion exchange chromatography confirmed the results. The present study verifies the findings from Part 1 of this article series and from previously conducted microscopic investigations. Now, the degradation characteristics of P. vitreus are established and the bioincising process can be further optimized with higher reliability.

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Preferential Degradation of Pit Membranes within Tracheids by the Basidiomycete Physisporinus vitreus

Cited by 33 publications

References 5 publications

Permeability changes in heartwood of Picea abies and Abies alba induced by incubation with Physisporinus vitreus

Permeability changes in heartwood of Picea abies and Abies alba induced by incubation with Physisporinus vitreus

Electrical impedance tomography for decay diagnostics of Norway spruce (<i>Picea abies</i>): possibilities and opportunities

Effect of Physisporinus vitreus on wood properties of Norway spruce. Part 2: Aspects of microtensile strength and chemical changes

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