Preface

A New Policy for Haiti

“…As Hans Schmidt observed, "…the Haitian masses suffered from the brutality and degradation of the American imposed system of forced labor, thus appearing as a twentieth-century version of the French overlords against whose slave rule the Haitian people had successfully revolted over a century ago." 3 Nonetheless, according to James Leyburn, "…a very significant change that took place in that the United States institutionalized the Haitian army and police forces." 4 The decentralized and regional chief-based Haitian army was transformed into a well-trained, well-organized force as a national gendarmerie, responsible for internal security.…”