Preface

Zemel, B.

doi:10.1016/s0376-7361(06)80001-4

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The radioactive tracers are the most frequently used, especially the tritium [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. First of all, they have the advantage of being detectable even at very low concentrations, of several ppt's (parts per trillion), which means very small quantities injected into the formation, implying low cost equipment to prepare the solution and inject it.…”

Section: Tracer Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of chemical tracers to water injection processes applied on Romanian reservoirs

Zecheru

Goran

2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The hydrocarbon reservoirs are extremely complex, each reservoir having its own identity. Reservoirs heterogeneity (mainly regarding the layered ones) frequently results in low recovery efficiencies, both under the primary regime and when different agents are injected from the surface. EOR processes efficiency depends on how detailed the reservoir is known and on the information related to fluids flow through reservoir. There are certain analyzes, investigations and tests providing good knowledge about the reservoir. The tracer tests are among them, being frequently used to water injection processes. Depending on the method used, IWTT (Interwell tracer test), SWTT (Single-Well Tracer Test), TWTT (Two-Well Tracer Test), information are obtained as related to: the setting of the preferential flow path of the injected fluid, the identification of water channels, evidencing the geological barriers, determining the residual oil saturation, around the well bore or along the tracer's path between two wells. This paper is focused on ICPT Câmpina efforts related to the use of the chemical tracers to the water injection processes applied to the oil reservoirs of Romania. It describes the usual tracers and the methods used to detect them in the reaction wells. Up to now, more than 50 tests with IWTT tracers have been performed on-site and this work presents some of their results.

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Section: Tracer Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of chemical tracers to water injection processes applied on Romanian reservoirs

Zecheru

Goran

2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…Partitioning tracer tests, both single-well and interwell, have been used by oil companies to estimate residual oil saturation (Zemel, 1995).…”

Section: Otivation and O Bjectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tritiated hydrogen ion, 3 H, is exchangeable just like any other H+ ion, especially replacing water that is bound to soil (Zemel, 1995). This exchange causes a slight lag in experiments of the tritium peak concentration with respect to IPA.…”

Section: Tritium Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the above data it is evident that 3 H exchanges with connate water and had a delayed arrival time with respect to IPA. Zemel(1995) describes a field test in the North Sea in which the tritium response was delayed with respect to an iodide tracer (I-125) that was used in the same field test. The results were explained on the basis that tritium tagged water was imbibed into the formation, thus delaying the arrival time.…”

Section: Tritium Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In-situ characterizations of dense non-aqueous phase liquids using partitioning tracers. Annual progress report, September 15, 1996--September 14, 1997

Pope¹,

McKinney²,

Gupta³

et al. 1998

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This paper describes laboratory research conducted to investigate the use of partitioning tracers for the detection, volume estimation, and remediation performance assessment of vadose zones contaminated by nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs). These laboratory studies used Ottawa sand and field soil packed columns. The columns were saturated, then reduced to residual saturations of water and NAPL, creating a three phase system of air, water, and NAPL.Conservative and partitioning gas tracers were injected into the column and their elutions were analyzed. The method of moments was used to estimate partition coefficients between the air and NAPL phases for each of the tracers. The partition coefficients and retardation factors are used to select appropriate tracers for NAPL detection and volume estimation in the field. This research identified several perfluorocarbon tracers suitable for use in the field and demonstrated the feasibility of using partitioning tracers as a tool for NAPL detection and volume estimation in the vadose zone. INTRODUCTIONA widespread and recurring public health problem identified in recent years is the contamination of the subsurface by nonaqueous-phase liquids (NAPLs) (NRC 1994).Contamination at numerous private, government, and industrial facilities is well-documented and is clearly a problem for communities and populations located near these sites.1 Nonaqueous-phase liquid contamination of the subsurface occurs as NAPLs migrate from the surface, where in the past they were typically disposed in unlined pits, through the vadose zone to the water table. The migration of the NAPL though the vadose zone leaves a trail or streak of NAPL held in the pore space by capillary forces and is defined as residual or immobile NAPL.As water percolates through a contaminated vadose zone, NAPLs and other contaminants dissolve in the mobile water and may be carried to the saturated zone as dissolved constituents. Previously clean aquifers may receive harmful doses of pollutants without the bulk of the contaminants ever reaching the saturated zone.In many cases, because of the potential adverse impact of vadose-zone contamination on water supplies, remediation of the vadose zone may be essential. However, to design an effective remediation of an area, a detailed description of the site is necessary. Thus, the first step in site remediation is characterization. Two current methods using core sampling or cone penetrometer testing, which depend upon laboratory analysis, are time-consuming and expensive. To improve the site characterization process, better methods of detecting NAPLs are necessary (EPA 1992).A potentially better characterization method utilizes a technology developed in the petroleum industry. This technology is the partitioning inter-well tracer test (PITT). Partitioning, both single-well and interwell, tracer tests have been used for years to character& liquid residuals in oil-and gas-saturated reservoirs (Cooke 1971, Deans 1971, Allison et al. 1991, Tang and Harker 1991a. In a PITT...

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“…Tracer testing in petroleum reservoirs is a mature technology, where fluid movement is tracked by tagging injection fluids by inert chemical or radioactive compounds (for a review see [1]). One application of tracers is the inter-well tracer test (IWTT), which is used to obtain information on well-to-well communication, heterogeneity and fluid dynamics [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and interpretation of inter-well tracer tests

Huseby

Sagen

Viig

et al. 2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. In inter-well tracer tests (IWTT), chemical compounds or radioactive isotopes are used to label injection water and gas to establish well connections and fluid patterns in petroleum reservoirs. Tracer simulation is an invaluable tool to ease the interpretation of IWTT results and is also required for assisted history matching application of tracer data. In this paper we present a new simulation technique to analyse and interpret tracer results. Laboratory results are used to establish and test formulations of the tracer conservation equations, and the technique is used to provide simulated tracer responses that are compared with observed tracer data from an extensive tracer program. The implemented tracer simulation methodology use a fast post-processing of previously simulated reservoir simulation runs. This provides a fast, flexible and powerful method for analysing gas tracer behaviour in reservoirs. We show that simulation time for tracers can be reduced by factor 100 compared to solving the tracer flow equations simultaneously with the reservoir fluid flow equations. The post-processing technique, combined with a flexible built-in local tracer-grid refinement is exploited to reduce numerical smearing, particularly severe for narrow tracer pulses.

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Preface

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

The use of chemical tracers to water injection processes applied on Romanian reservoirs

The use of chemical tracers to water injection processes applied on Romanian reservoirs

In-situ characterizations of dense non-aqueous phase liquids using partitioning tracers. Annual progress report, September 15, 1996--September 14, 1997

Simulation and interpretation of inter-well tracer tests

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