Preeclampsia and HIV infection

Mattar, Rosiane; Amed, Abês Mahmed; Lindsey, Prescilla Chow; Sass, Nelson; Daher, Sílvia

doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.04.014

Cited by 57 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The use of HAART at conception was a risk factor for PE/E. This is in agreement with two other studies which showed that the use of HAART prior to pregnancy increase the odds for hypertension and PE [58,59]. In the present study, there was no stratification with use of HAART in relation to conception and this could explain the discrepancy among studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Possible Changes in Maternal Plasma Cortisol, AdrenocorticotropicHormones, Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A and Alpha-fetoproteinin HIV Pregnant Women at NAUTH Nnewi, Nigeria

Ukibe¹,

Onyenekwe²,

Anojulu³

et al. 2015

J Bioanal Biomed

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Background: There is limited information on if HIV infection induces stress in pregnancy. HIV can possibly contribute to the alterations in some fetal viability hormones thereby lead to adverse pregnancy outcome. The present study aimed to assess the possible changes in maternal cortisol, Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH), Pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) hormone concentrations in HIV-infected pregnant women and their pregnancy outcomes. Methods:A cross sectional study of 80 (Eighty) volunteer pregnant women aged (18-49) years recruited during routine antenatal clinics in Nnamdi Azikiwe Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria was conducted. The participants were divided into groups: 40 (forty) apparently healthy pregnant and 40 (forty) HIV-infected pregnant women. 5 ml of morning blood samples were collected from each subject in their 1 st and 2 nd trimesters for estimation of Cortisol, ACTH, AFP and PAPP-A using ELISA method. Results:The result showed that the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures (mmHg) of HIV pregnant women were significantly higher than control (p<0.05 respectively). The mean value of cortisol (ng/ml) in HIV pregnant women was significantly higher when compared with control subjects (p<0.05). Cortisol showed inverse significant correlation with AFP in HIV-infected pregnant women. Maternal outcomes showed thatt HIV-infected pregnant women had significantly higher incidence of miscarriages and preeclampsia with higher incidence of perinatal outcomes such as low birth weight babies (LBW), preterm delivery, spontaneous abortion, still birth and low Apgar scores when compared with apparently normal pregnant women (P<0.05 respectively).Conclusion: the significantly higher cortisol level and BP in HIV pregnant women is indicative of oxidative stress due to perceived stress by HIV infection which might predispose the affected women to hypertension and preeclampsia. The highest adverse reactions observed in HIV pregnant women might be related to the damaged immune system by HIV infection however, the placental defect associated with increased placental permeability to AFP and the activity of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is not related to the activity of stress thereby do not influence their birth outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Possible Changes in Maternal Plasma Cortisol, AdrenocorticotropicHormones, Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A and Alpha-fetoproteinin HIV Pregnant Women at NAUTH Nnewi, Nigeria

Ukibe¹,

Onyenekwe²,

Anojulu³

et al. 2015

J Bioanal Biomed

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“…The prevalence of preeclampsia (11.7%) in anti-cardiolipin antibodypositive women is significantly higher than that in other pregnant women (OR 1.9, 95% CI 2.43-16.0) [16]. On the other hand, it has been reported that long-term semen exposure [17] and T cell immune deficiency [18] reduce the risk of preeclampsia.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Preeclampsiamentioning

confidence: 91%

The Utility of Vascular Dysfunction Studies in the Prediction and Prevention of Preeclampsia: A Historical Review

Matsubara¹,

Matsubara²,

M³

2009

VDP

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Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality. Although preeclampsia may be caused by several factors, endothelial cell dysfunction has been proposed as the main pathophysiological cause. Dysfunctional endothelium in the uteroplacental circulation not only increases peripheral vascular resistance, but also affects generalized vasoconstriction via humoral factors released from the placenta. A standard method for predicting and preventing preeclampsia has yet to be developed; however, the analysis of a combination of biochemical markers, particularly markers related to vascular dysfunction, may enhance our ability to predict and prevent preeclampsia in the near future.

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“…The researchers noted that preeclampsia was the most important adverse event noted in women with ART [19]. However several case control studies done have shown no significant risk of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in women on HAART [20,21,22]. Due to the conflicting evidence, it would be prudent to monitor HIV infected women carefully for the appearance of pre-eclampsia.…”

Section: Effect Of Hiv On Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%