Predominance of Small Dense Low-Density Lipoproteins and Abnormal Glucose Regulation in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

Ban, Yoshiyuki; Koba, Shinji; Tsunoda, Fumiyoshi; Yokota, Yuuya; Ezumi, Hitoshi; Kondo, Takeshi; Suzuki, Hiroshi; Kubo, Takashi

doi:10.1253/circj.70.393

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In addition, among the patients who did not take any lipid-lowering agents during the study period and had relatively well-controlled dyslipidemia as determined by the LDL-C at their last visit (mean value of 96.0 mg/dL), imbalance of cholesterolpoor sdLDL and cholesterol-rich large LDL might contribute to cardiovascular event occurrence. It is well known that sdLDL formation is closely associated with postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, both of which are also important risk factors for CVDs 51,52) . Therefore, an increased sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio in the fasting state might imply residual risk for cardiovascular events in CAD patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as a Predictor for Future Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Nishikura

Koba

Yokota

et al. 2014

JAT

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Aim:The aim of the present study was to investigate how small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) compared with LDL-C affect the long-term prognosis in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: sdLDL-C measured by heparin magnesium precipitation and LDL particle size measured by non-denatured gradient-gel electrophoresis were compared in 190 consecutive CAD patients who underwent coronary arteriography between 2003 and 2004 who did or did not develop cardiovascular events during a seven-year follow-up period. Cardiovascular events were death caused by cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), onset of acute coronary syndrome, need for coronary and peripheral arterial revascularization, hospitalization for heart failure, surgical procedure for any CVDs, and/or hospitalization for stroke. Results: First-time cardiovascular events were observed in 72 patients. Those who experienced cardiovascular events were older and had higher prevalence rates of hypertension and diabetes; significantly higher Gensini coronary atherosclerotic scores; significantly higher levels of sdLDL-C, sdLDL-C/LDL-C, and LDL-C/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratios; and greater glycated hemoglobin (Hb)A1c and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels. They also had significantly smaller LDL particle sizes, HDL-C, apolipoprotein A-1, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) compared with patients without cardiovascular events. Conversely, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, apolipoprotein B, remnantlike particle cholesterol, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were similar between the two groups. A Kaplan-Meyer event-free survival curve demonstrated that patients with sdLDL-C ≥ 35 mg/dL (median level) had significantly poorer prognosis compared with those with lower sdLDL-C levels, while patients with LDL-C ≥ 100 mg/dL had a non-significantly lower survival rate. Conclusion: These results confirm that sdLDL-C is a very promising biomarker to predict future cardiovascular events in the secondary prevention of stable CAD. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2014; 21:755-767.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as a Predictor for Future Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Nishikura

Koba

Yokota

et al. 2014

JAT

Self Cite

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“…Glucose metabolism was also related to the presence of the more atherogenic small dense LDL in Japanese patients with acute coronary syndrome [82]. Additionally, serum TG levels greater than 78 mg/dL (0.88 mmol/L) were a significant risk factor for CHD in Japanese men [83].…”

Section: Insulin Resistance and T2dmmentioning

confidence: 97%

Vascular risk factors in South Asians

Τζιόμαλος

Weerasinghe

Mikhailidis

et al. 2008

International Journal of Cardiology

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“…This incidence is comparable with previous studies; 66% observed in Japanese cases, 53% in a Euro Heart Survey, and 64% in the China Heart Survey. [20][21][22] Although our patients were Japanese, the incidence of abnormal glucose metabolism newly diagnosed by OGTT in patients with CAD was comparable with that of different ethnic groups, indicating ethnicity was not a factor in patients with CAD and abnormal glucose metabolism. RH, determined by a lengthy OGTT, has been reported in healthy individuals and PCOS patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Asymptomatic Reactive Hypoglycemia and Inflammatory Reaction in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

2018

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SummaryHyperglycemia is an established risk factor of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, hyperglycemia with preserved pancreatic β cell function induces hyperinsulinemia to correct the glucose profile and may even result in reactive hypoglycemia (RH), which induces an inflammatory response. In this study, the incidence of RH and its effect on arteriosclerosis were examined in CAD patients with a lengthy oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).We performed a prospective cross-sectional study on 116 nondiabetic CAD patients [70 ± 9 years, 70% male, HbA1c < 6.5%] using coronary angiography and a 4-hour OGTT. Blood samples were collected prior to and 4 hours after the glucose load to evaluate arteriosclerosis markers. Hypoglycemia following the glucose tolerance test was defined as blood glucose levels < 70 mg/dL. We comparatively examined markers of inflammation and arteriosclerosis between the RH group and the non-RH group.A glucose metabolism disorder was observed in 69% of the patients. Hypoglycemia was observed in 24% (28 individuals) of the patients. All showed a RH pattern with no symptoms. The RH group exhibited significantly elevated insulin levels at 1 hour. Furthermore, a significant increase in the white blood cell (WBC) count during OGTT was observed in the RH group compared with the non-RH group [delta WBC; RH: 4.84 (-4.17-20.75) versus non-RH: -2.17 (-9.23-9.09) %; P = 0.04].Asymptomatic RH and an augmentation of inflammation were observed at an incidence of 24% in CAD patients.(Int Heart J 2018; 59: 705-712)

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Predominance of Small Dense Low-Density Lipoproteins and Abnormal Glucose Regulation in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Elevated Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as a Predictor for Future Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Elevated Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as a Predictor for Future Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Vascular risk factors in South Asians

Asymptomatic Reactive Hypoglycemia and Inflammatory Reaction in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

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