Predominance of large low density lipoprotein particles and lower fractional esterification rate of cholesterol in high density lipoprotein in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Ohta, T; Nishiyama, Soroku; Nakamura, Takahiro; Saku, Keijiro; Maung, Kyu Kyu; Matsuda, Ichiro

doi:10.1007/s004310050810

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…22 In various studies, HbA1c level was eminent as showing positive correlation with TC, LDL and TGL in diabetic patients. [30][31][32] HbA1c also demonstrated direct and significant correlations with cholesterol (r=0.6445), TGL (r= 0.5426), LDL-C(r=0.3584), VLDL (r=0.2245) -a strong positive correlation; whereas HDL-C showed negative correlation (r=-0.4965). 9 Jayesh et al conducted a prospective study on western Indian population that comprised of 430 T2DM patients and 501 non-diabetic control subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Correlation between glycemic control markers and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance

et al. 2018

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Background: Many studies have compared and correlated glycemic control markers with lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, but very few studies correlate them in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) individuals. Thus, the aim of this study was to find comparison and correlation between FBG, PPBG and HbA1c with lipid profile in T2DM patients and IGT individuals.Methods: The study was conducted at tertiary care hospital in north Karnataka. The diagnosis of T2DM and IGT was based on WHO criteria. 99 apparently healthy controls, 101 T2DM patients and 100 IGT subjects participated in the study.Results: All the biochemical parameters were significantly raised in IGT and T2DM patients as compared to controls.In T2DM, FBG showed significant positive correlation with TC (p=0.048) and significant negative correlation with HDL (p=0.000). PPBG and HbA1c showed significant positive correlation with TGL, TC VLDL and LDL and significant negative correlation with HDL, p value was 0.000 for all parameters. The correlation in IGT, FBG showed significant positive correlation with TC (p=0.000) and LDL (p=0.004), significant negative correlation with HDL (p=0.000). PPBG showed significant positive correlation with TGL, TC and VLDL and significant negative correlation with HDL(p=0.000).Conclusions: Diagnosis of T2DM, IGT and associated dyslipidema is necessary as life style modification and pharmacotherapy can control these situations and thereby reduce the cardiovascular risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Correlation between glycemic control markers and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance

et al. 2018

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“…Ohta et al 21 reported significantly greater HDL and LDL particle sizes in T1D children compared to healthy control subjects. In contrast, Alabakovska et al 22 showed that despite an absence of significant differences in the plasma lipid profiles between T1D children and controls, the concentration of sdLDL was increased and mean LDL particle size was smaller in subjects with T1D.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Arterial Stiffness, Lipoprotein Particle Size, and Lipoprotein Particle Concentration in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Gallo

Silverstein²,

Shuster³

et al. 2010

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

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OBJECTIVE-To determine if lipoprotein particle abnormalities correlate with arterial stiffness in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D).STUDY DESIGN-In this case-control study, we evaluated 70 children, 35 with T1D and 35 controls, ages 10-18 years, matched for age, sex, race, and BMI. Arterial stiffness was assessed by radial tonometry (AI 75 ) and blood was collected for lipoprotein subclass analysis.RESULTS-T1D subjects had increased AI 75 , decreased small LDL particle concentration (P=0.0067), increased large LDL particle concentration (P=0.007), increased large HDL particle concentration (P=0.0012), increased mean LDL particle size (P=0.0028), and increased mean HDL particle size (P<0.0001) compared to controls. No significant correlations were found between lipoprotein subclasses and arterial stiffness in T1D subjects.CONCLUSIONS-T1D subjects have increased arterial stiffness when compared to controls, despite a less pro-atherogenic lipoprotein profile, indicating the need to identify other risk factors that correlate with arterial stiffness in T1D youth. KeywordsType 1; Adolescents; Children; Arterial Stiffness; Lipoprotein Particles Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a well-established risk factor for the development of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). 1, 2, 3 A multitude of risk factors are independently associated with the increased risk of CVD in T1D, including duration of diabetes, central obesity 4, 5 , hypertension, 6 smoking, 4 albuminuria, 4, 7 and dyslipidemia. 8 Nevertheless, the exact pathogenesis of the premature CVD in T1D remains poorly understood.Although children and adults with reasonably well-controlled T1D (and without nephropathy) have similar or even more favorable lipid profiles than the general population, 9, 10 T1D patients maintain a fourfold higher mortality risk from CVD and have early evidence of arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction. 11 While the reasons for this disparity remain unclear, qualitative lipoprotein abnormalities have been documented in adults with T1D, 12 specifically increased small dense LDL (sdLDL) and small dense HDL Correspondence: Michael J. Haller, MD, Pediatric Endocrinology, PO Box 100296, Gainesville, FL, 32610, Phone: 352.334.1390, Fax: 352.334.1325 (sdHDL). These abnormalities have been shown to inversely correlate with surrogate markers of arterial dysfunction (brachial reactivity, carotid intima media thickness, and radial artery tonometry). 13,14 As such, alterations in lipoprotein subclass distributions have been speculated to contribute to the increased CVD risk in these patients.Although a substantial proportion of children and adolescents with T1D are known to have abnormal serum lipids and alterations in lipoprotein subclass distributions, 15 little is known about the possible relationship between arterial stiffness and lipoprotein particle profiling in children with T1D. Given the low absolute short-term risk for CVD events in children with T1D, many groups, including ours, have attempted to correlate non-invasive surrogate me...

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“…It plays a key role in reverse cholesterol transport and is activated by the apoA-I in HDL [16]. The impact of diabetes on the ability of HDL to act as a substrate for LCAT is unclear, with reports suggesting that it either diminishes [17], does not alter [18] or increases the rate of LCATmediated cholesterol esterification [19]. These discrepancies are probably due to variations in the study populations and the methods used to measure cholesterol esterification [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of glycation on apolipoprotein A-I structure and its ability to activate lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase

et al. 2007

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Aims/hypothesis Hyperglycaemia, one of the main features of diabetes, results in non-enzymatic glycation of plasma proteins, including apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), the most abundant apolipoprotein in HDL. The aim of this study was to determine how glycation affects the structure of apoA-I and its ability to activate lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), a key enzyme in reverse cholesterol transport. Materials and methods Discoidal reconstituted HDL (rHDL) containing phosphatidylcholine and apoA-I ([A-I] rHDL) were prepared by the cholate dialysis method and glycated by incubation with methylglyoxal. Glycation of apoA-I was quantified as the reduction in detectable arginine, lysine and tryptophan residues. Methylglyoxal-AGE adduct formation in apoA-I was assessed by immunoblotting. (A-I)rHDL size and surface charge were determined by non-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and agarose gel electrophoresis, respectively. The kinetics of the LCAT reaction was investigated by incubating varying concentrations of discoidal (A-I)rHDL with a constant amount of purified enzyme. The conformation of apoA-I was assessed by surface plasmon resonance. Results Methylglyoxal-mediated modifications of the arginine, lysine and tryptophan residues in lipid-free and lipidassociated apoA-I were time-and concentration-dependent. These modifications altered the conformation of apoA-I in regions critical for LCAT activation and lipid binding. They also decreased (A-I)rHDL size and surface charge. The rate of LCAT-mediated cholesterol esterification in (A-I)rHDL varied according to the level of apoA-I glycation and progressively decreased as the extent of apoA-I glycation increased. Conclusions/interpretation It is concluded that glycation of apoA-I may adversely affect reverse cholesterol transport in subjects with diabetes.

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Predominance of large low density lipoprotein particles and lower fractional esterification rate of cholesterol in high density lipoprotein in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Abstract: The qualitative and quantitative changes in LDL and HDL in diabetic children are similar to those associated with a reduced risk for CAD. Intensive insulin therapy in children may help preventing coronary heart disease in adulthood.

Cited by 28 publications

References 42 publications

Correlation between glycemic control markers and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance

Correlation between glycemic control markers and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance

Arterial Stiffness, Lipoprotein Particle Size, and Lipoprotein Particle Concentration in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

The impact of glycation on apolipoprotein A-I structure and its ability to activate lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase

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