Predominance of corticothalamic synaptic inputs to thalamic reticular nucleus neurons in the rat

Liu, Xiaobo; Jones, Edward G.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19991108)414:1<67::aid-cne6>3.0.co;2-z

Cited by 142 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Most neurons have long, sparsely branched, aspiny dendrites, emerging from the poles of the soma, but some have beaded structures along their dendrites / 21 /. The axons of TRN neurons target underlying thalamic nuclei but also send local collaterals within neighboring TRN regions, and interacting through chemical axoaxonic, axosomatic and dendrodendritic synapses inhibit each other / 9,43,82,98,123,146,155,168,175,180 /. Moreover, neighboring reticular neurons in rodents are electrically coupled, forming highly synchronized networks / 28,95 /.…”

Section: Features Of Trn Anatomy and Cellular Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Circuits for Multisensory Integration and Attentional Modulation Through the Prefrontal Cortex and the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus in Primates

Zikopoulos

Barbas²

2007

Reviews in the Neurosciences

131

111

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Converging evidence from anatomic and physiologic studies suggests that the interaction of highorder association cortices with the thalamus is necessary to focus attention on a task in a complex environment with multiple distractions. Interposed between the thalamus and cortex, the inhibitory thalamic reticular nucleus intercepts and regulates communication between the two structures. Recent findings demonstrate that a unique circuitry links the prefrontal cortex with the reticular nucleus and may underlie the process of selective attention to enhance salient stimuli and suppress irrelevant stimuli in behavior. Unlike other cortices, some prefrontal areas issue widespread projections to the reticular nucleus, extending beyond the frontal sector to the sensory sectors of the nucleus and may influence the flow of sensory information from the thalamus to the cortex. Unlike other thalamic nuclei, the mediodorsal nucleus, which is the principal thalamic nucleus for the prefrontal cortex, has similarly widespread connections with the reticular nucleus. Unlike sensory association cortices, some terminations from prefrontal areas to the reticular nucleus are large, suggesting efficient transfer of information. We propose a model showing that the specialized features of prefrontal pathways in the reticular nucleus may allow selection of relevant information and override distractors, in processes that are deranged in schizophrenia.

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Section: Features Of Trn Anatomy and Cellular Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Circuits for Multisensory Integration and Attentional Modulation Through the Prefrontal Cortex and the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus in Primates

Zikopoulos

Barbas²

2007

Reviews in the Neurosciences

131

111

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“…The majority of the excitatory inputs to the TRN neurons are derived from the cerebral cortex (Liu and Jones, 1999), indicating that the corticofugal fibers to the TRN neurons control the excitability of the TRN neurons (Golshani et al, 2001;Steriade, 2001b). The TRN neurons extend dendrites within the thin reticular sheet, which enable the neurons to receive projections from a wide cortical region and project to widespread areas in the ventroposterior nucleus of the thalamus (Liu et al, 1995b).…”

Section: Corticofugal Inhibitory Effect On Thalamic Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticofugal Gating of Auditory Information in the Thalamus: AnIn VivoIntracellular Recording Study

Yu¹,

Xiong²,

Chan³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

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In the present study, we investigated the auditory responses of the medial geniculate (MGB) neurons, through in vivo intracellular recordings of anesthetized guinea pigs, while the auditory cortex was electrically activated. Of the 63 neurons that received corticofugal modulation of the membrane potential, 30 received potentiation and 33 received hyperpolarization. The corticofugal potentiation of the membrane potential (amplitude, mean Ϯ SD, 8.6 Ϯ 5.5 mV; duration, 125.5 Ϯ 75.4 msec) facilitated the auditory responses and spontaneous firing of the MGB neurons. The hyperpolarization of Ϫ11.3 Ϯ 4.9 mV in amplitude and 210.0 Ϯ 210.1 msec in duration suppressed the auditory responses and spontaneous firing of the MGB neurons. Four of the five neurons that were histologically confirmed to be located in the lemniscal MGB received corticofugal facilitatory modulation, and all of the four neurons that were confirmed to be located in the non-lemniscal MGB received corticofugal inhibitory modulation. The present intracellular recording provides novel results on how the corticofugal projection gates the sensory information in the thalamus: via the spatially selective depolarization of lemniscal MGB neurons and hyperpolarization of non-lemniscal MGB neurons. It is speculated that the systematic selectivity of facilitation and inhibition over the lemniscal and non-lemniscal MGB is related to the attention shift within the auditory modality and across the sensory modalities.

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“…Projections from a given thalamic core region extend to a cortical area roughly 0.5-1.0 mm wide, somewhat larger than the size of physiologically-delineated functional columns (Jones, 1981). Layer VI axons project back topographically to the thalamic core cells from which they receive inputs, as well as to the portion of the nucleus reticularis (NRt) topographically overlying the target core cells (Liu and Jones, 1999). NRt in turn generates GABAergic projections to these thalamic core cells (DeFelipe and Jones, 1991;Jones, 2001).…”

Section: Anatomical Architecture Of Thalamocortical Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Derivation and Analysis of Basic Computational Operations of Thalamocortical Circuits

Rodríguez

Whitson

Granger

2004

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract Shared anatomical and physiological features of primary, secondary, tertiary, polysensory, and associational neocortical areas are used to formulate a novel extended hypothesis of thalamocortical circuit operation. A simplified anatomically-based model of topographically and nontopographically-projecting ('core' and 'matrix') thalamic nuclei and their differential connections with superficial, middle, and deep neocortical laminae is described. Synapses in the model are activated and potentiated according to physiologically-based rules. Features incorporated into the models include differential time courses of excitatory vs. inhibitory postsynaptic potentials, differential axonal arborization of pyramidal cells vs. interneurons, and different laminar afferent and projection patterns. Observation of the model's responses to static and time-varying inputs indicates that topographic 'core' circuits operate to organize stored memories into natural similarity-based hierarchies, whereas diffuse 'matrix' circuits give rise to efficient storage of time-varying input into retrievable sequence chains. Examination of these operations shows their relationships with well-studied algorithms for related functions, including categorization via hierarchical clustering, and sequential storage via hash-or scatter-storage. Analysis demonstrates that the derived thalamocortical algorithms exhibit desirable efficiency, scaling, and space and time cost characteristics. Implications of the hypotheses for central issues of perceptual reaction times and memory capacity are discussed. It is conjectured that the derived functions are fundamental building blocks recurrent throughout neocortex, which, through combination, give rise to powerful perceptual, motor, and cognitive mechanisms. 

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Predominance of corticothalamic synaptic inputs to thalamic reticular nucleus neurons in the rat

Cited by 142 publications

References 65 publications

Circuits for Multisensory Integration and Attentional Modulation Through the Prefrontal Cortex and the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus in Primates

Circuits for Multisensory Integration and Attentional Modulation Through the Prefrontal Cortex and the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus in Primates

Corticofugal Gating of Auditory Information in the Thalamus: AnIn VivoIntracellular Recording Study

Derivation and Analysis of Basic Computational Operations of Thalamocortical Circuits

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