Predictors of weight reduction and maintenance in a large cohort of overweight and obese adults in a community setting

Bachar, Adina; Livshits, Gregory; Birk, Ruth

doi:10.1111/1747-0080.12419

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Not surprisingly, a higher degree of adherence to various components of LMT and early weight loss have both been associated with better long-term outcomes. 40–44 Psychosocial factors associated with improved weight loss response in adults include greater social support; 45 higher baseline exercise self-efficacy, 46 dietary restraint, 47 flexible cognitive restraint, 48 and motivation (in men); 48 lower levels of psychopathology (in women), 49 emotional eating, 48 and disinhibition; 47 and fewer exercise barriers 48 and previous dieting attempts. 46 In children, higher levels of global self-worth have positively predicted weight loss response, 50 while higher levels of disordered eating in the child and the presence of psychopathology in the mother have been identified as negative predictors.…”

Section: Heterogeneity In the Effectiveness Of Interventions For The mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50,54 In adults, while Apolzan and colleagues and Funk and colleagues found that older age was associated with greater short and long-term weight loss to LMT programs, respectively, Bachar and colleagues found that younger age was associated with a higher odds of achieving 5% or greater weight loss at 6 months. 43–45…”

Section: Heterogeneity In the Effectiveness Of Interventions For The mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Precision medicine in adult and pediatric obesity: a clinical perspective

Bomberg

Ryder

Brundage

et al. 2019

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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It remains largely unknown as to why some individuals experience substantial weight loss with obesity interventions, while others receiving these same interventions do not. Person-specific characteristics likely play a significant role in this heterogeneity in treatment response. The practice of precision medicine accounts for an individual’s genes, environment, and lifestyle when deciding upon treatment type and intensity in order to optimize benefit and minimize risk. In this review, we first discuss biopsychosocial determinants of obesity, as understanding the complexity of this disease is necessary for appreciating how difficult it is to develop individualized treatment plans. Next, we present literature on person-specific characteristics associated with, and predictive of, weight loss response to various obesity treatments including lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy, metabolic and bariatric surgery, and medical devices. Finally, we discuss important gaps in our understanding of the causes of obesity in relation to the suboptimal treatment outcomes in certain patients, and offer solutions that may lead to the development of more effective and targeted obesity therapies.

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Section: Heterogeneity In the Effectiveness Of Interventions For The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heterogeneity In the Effectiveness Of Interventions For The mentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision medicine in adult and pediatric obesity: a clinical perspective

Bomberg

Ryder

Brundage

et al. 2019

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Many trials and observational cohorts have reported that a higher baseline BMI is associated with greater (initial) weight loss or weight loss maintenance over time [53–55]. However, reviews of BMI trajectories of weight loss [56] and BMI classes [57] reported no associations between those with an initial loss trajectory or higher BMI classes and weight loss outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of successful lifestyle change during a 6-month preconception lifestyle intervention in women with obesity and infertility

et al. 2018

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Purpose To identify demographic, (bio)physical, behavioral, and psychological determinants of successful lifestyle change and program completion by performing a secondary analysis of the intervention arm of a randomized-controlled trial, investigating a preconception lifestyle intervention. Methods The 6-month lifestyle intervention consisted of dietary counseling, physical activity, and behavioral modification, and was aimed at 5-10% weight loss. We operationalized successful lifestyle change as successful weight loss (≥ 5% weight/BMI ≤ 29 kg/m 2 ), weight loss in kilograms, a reduction in energy intake, and an increase in physical activity during the intervention program. We performed logistic and mixed-effect regression analyses to identify baseline factors that were associated with successful change or program completion. Results Women with higher external eating behavior scores had higher odds of successful weight loss (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.05-1.16). Women with the previous dietetic support lost 0.94 kg less during the intervention period (95% CI 0.01-1.87 kg). Women with higher self-efficacy reduced energy intake more than women with lower self-efficacy (p < 0.01). Women with an older partner had an increased energy intake (6 kcal/year older, 95% CI 3-13). A high stage of change towards physical activity was associated with a higher number of daily steps (p = 0.03). A high stage of change towards weight loss was associated with completion of the intervention (p = 0.04). Conclusions Determinants of lifestyle change and program completion were: higher external eating behavior, not having received previous dietetic support, high stage of change. This knowledge can be used to identify women likely to benefit from lifestyle interventions and develop new interventions for women requiring alternative support. Trial registration The LIFEstyle study was registered at the Dutch trial registry (NTR 1530; http://www.trial regis ter.nl/trial reg/admin /rctvi ew.asp?TC=1530).

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“…One of the major issues in synthesising evidence from youth weight management studies are the substantial differences in approach taken, designed to be culturally and age appropriate and delivered with intensity and duration of follow-up determined by resources rather than need. Although reflexive analysis can uncover what elements can predict successful weight loss and serve to highlight that elements of interventions such as early successful weight loss, those starting at a lower BMI and regular monitoring of weight (41,42) are helpful strategies in ensuring that those wishing to lose weight are given the best chance of success. Short-term success is often apparent but longer-term outcomes are substantially lacking in the literature to date; again we have to fall back on adult literature to explore potential mechanisms for long-term weight loss success or failure and how appetite and satiety mechanisms interconnect.…”

Section: Lifestyle Factors Influencing Adiposity and Appetitementioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the short- and long-term impact of weight loss on appetite in youth: what do we know and where to from here?

2020

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This review seeks to synthesise our knowledge about changes in hunger and satiety that occur during diet-induced weight loss and during weight loss maintenance, with a particular focus on youth with obesity. Mechanisms of appetite responses to weight loss rely heavily on the adult literature. Physiological mechanisms that control appetite and satiety via the gut–brain axis have been elucidated but we have an incomplete picture of changes in gut hormones and peptides in youth with obesity. In adolescents, the role of the brain in long-term sensing of body composition and modifying appetite and satiety changes is easily over-ridden by hedonic influences for the reward of highly palatable sweet foods and encourages over-consumption. Accordingly, reward cues and hyper-responsiveness to palatable foods lead to a pattern of food choices. Different reward systems are necessary that are substantial enough to reward the continued individual effort required to sustain new behaviours, that need to be adopted to support a reduced body weight. Periods of growth and development during childhood provide windows of opportunity for interventions to influence body weight trajectory but long-term studies are lacking. More emphasis needs to be placed on anticipatory guidance on how to manage powerful hedonic influences of food choice, essential to cope with living in our obesogenic environment and managing hunger which comes with the stronger desire to eat after weight has been lost.

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Predictors of weight reduction and maintenance in a large cohort of overweight and obese adults in a community setting

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Precision medicine in adult and pediatric obesity: a clinical perspective

Precision medicine in adult and pediatric obesity: a clinical perspective

Determinants of successful lifestyle change during a 6-month preconception lifestyle intervention in women with obesity and infertility

A review of the short- and long-term impact of weight loss on appetite in youth: what do we know and where to from here?

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