“…Ongoing processes of myelination and synaptic pruning throughout adolescence and early adulthood coincide with increasing functional specificity of neural networks that support cognitive functioning (Asato, Terwilliger, Woo, & Luna, 2010;Hwang, Velanova, & Luna, 2010). Multiple studies have reported disruptions in these neural processes following diffuse axonal injury (DAI), which results from shearing of white matter-connecting pathways within neural networks associated with cognitive flexibility and inhibition Berryhill et al, 1995;Kinnunen et al, 2010;Levin et al, 2004;Ryan et al, 2014;Tasker, 2006). Perhaps not surprisingly, these childhood injuries are associated with widespread morphological changes, including reductions in cortical gray and white matter, as well as overall reductions in brain volume (Beauchamp, & Ditchfield, et al, 2011;Benson et al, 2007;Bigler, 2001Bigler, , 2007Ding et al, 2008;Gale, Baxter, Roundy, & Johnson, 2005;Trivedi et al, 2007;Wilde et al, 2005).…”