Predictors of the Onset of Cigarette Smoking

Wellman, Robert J.; Dugas, Erika N.; Dutczak, Hartley; O’Loughlin, Erin K.; Datta, Geetanjali D.; Lauzon, Béatrice; O’Loughlin, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.04.003

Cited by 170 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…While our findings found that vendors located closer to schools had higher violation rates, previous research has found that tobacco vendors proximity to school was not associated with higher smoking prevalence while the density of vendors was associated [25]. Further research may want to include an assessment of the density of retailers to further refine high risk areas.…”

Section: Creating a Targeted Strategycontrasting

confidence: 47%

A Neighborhood Analysis of Underage Tobacco Sales within the Serving Area of a Canadian Public Health Unit

Fallahpour¹,

Navaneelan²,

McBeth³

et al. 2017

OJS

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Despite the fact that the sale of tobacco to minors is illegal in Ontario, youth are still able to purchase tobacco. This study aims to determine the geographic variations of underage tobacco sales at the neighborhood level within the Windsor-Essex County Health Unit. Data were collected on all inspections of tobacco retail stores from 2007 to 2011 in the Windsor-Essex County Health Unit. Data were split into season 1 (September-February) and season 2 (March-August) to assess a possible seasonal effect. Relative risks were calculated for each dissemination area (DA) by modeling the risks in a hierarchical Bayesian fashion, incorporating appropriate random effects terms for both spatially correlated and uncorrelated random errors with adjustments for neighborhood income. The association between violation rate and proximity to a school was assessed through a buffer analysis. Elliptical analysis detected a significant cluster of high risk DAs in season 1 in Windsor (p-value = 0.022) but no significant cluster in season 2. Some DAs exhibited higher relative risks of tobacco sales to minors, however after adjusting the model for neighborhood income no excess risk was observed. The results of the buffer analysis showed that in season 1 there was a significantly higher probability (p-value = 0.045) of tobacco vendors located closer to schools to sell tobacco to minors. This analysis demonstrates the utility of a systematic approach to identifying neighborhoods with higher risks of tobacco sales to minors. The insights provided by this exploratory, ecologic study are valuable for program planning and directing tobacco enforcement efforts to high risk areas.

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Section: Creating a Targeted Strategycontrasting

confidence: 47%

A Neighborhood Analysis of Underage Tobacco Sales within the Serving Area of a Canadian Public Health Unit

Fallahpour¹,

Navaneelan²,

McBeth³

et al. 2017

OJS

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show abstract

“…Second, we used a low, “single-puff” threshold to identify tobacco use. Although this is a conservative measure of tobacco use within the past month, a recent systematic review suggests that the transition from never-use to first-use is best measured using this marker, and that the optimal time to intervene on smoking initiation is prior to the “first puff” (44). Additionally, the question assessing gender in this study asked participants “Are you male or female?” Although we believe that participants’ answers to this question likely indicated their current gender identity, one cannot exclude the possibility that answers may have indicated biological sex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Relations among Perceived Family Characteristics and Risky Health Behaviors in Urban Adolescents

et al. 2016

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Background Research regarding the role of gender in relations between family characteristics and health risk behaviors has been limited. Purpose To investigate gender differences in associations between family processes and risk-taking in adolescents. Methods Adolescents (N = 249; mean age = 14.5 years) starting their first year at an urban high school in the northeastern U.S. completed self-report measures that assessed family characteristics (i.e., parental monitoring, family social support, family conflict) and health behaviors (i.e., tobacco use, alcohol use, marijuana use, sex initiation) as part of a prospective, community-based study. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate gender differences in associations between the family characteristics and health behaviors. Results Among males, higher levels of perceived parental monitoring were associated with lower odds of using tobacco and having ever engaged in sex. Among females, higher levels of perceived parental monitoring were associated with lower odds of marijuana use, alcohol use, and having ever engaged in sex. However, in contrast to males, among females (a) higher levels of perceived family social support were associated with lower odds of alcohol use and having ever engaged in sex and (b) higher levels of perceived family conflict were associated with higher odds of marijuana use and having ever engaged in sex. Conclusion Family processes were more strongly related to health behaviors among adolescent females than adolescent males. Interventions that increase parental monitoring and family social support as well as decrease family conflict may help to protect against adolescent risk-taking, especially for females.

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“…One was mean number of cigarettes smoking in the last month. Several studies have suggested peer influence as being the most important and consistent factors of adolescent tobacco use (10,20,24,25). The risk of an adolescent currently smoking is significantly associated with their peer network especially if one or two best friends smoke (21).…”

Section: Class Level Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One such risk factor could be peer influence. In fact, research has shown the importance of peer group on smoking (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) and the sharp incline in the relationship of having ever smoked and obesity specifically among between ages 13 to 14.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratified Multilevel Logistic Regression Modeling for Risk Factors of Adolescent Obesity in Tennessee

Zheng¹,

Strasser²,

Holt³

et al. 2018

Int J High Risk Behav Addict

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Predictors of the Onset of Cigarette Smoking

Cited by 170 publications

References 90 publications

A Neighborhood Analysis of Underage Tobacco Sales within the Serving Area of a Canadian Public Health Unit

A Neighborhood Analysis of Underage Tobacco Sales within the Serving Area of a Canadian Public Health Unit

Gender Differences in Relations among Perceived Family Characteristics and Risky Health Behaviors in Urban Adolescents

Stratified Multilevel Logistic Regression Modeling for Risk Factors of Adolescent Obesity in Tennessee

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