Predictors of Poor Plasma Glucose Maintenance in Type II Diabetic People with Ophthalmic Complication: The Case of Dessie Hospitals in Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus, the commonest metabolic disorder, leads to cardiovascular diseases, neurological problems, kidney injury, and visual disturbances. Such complications can be prevented by maintaining plasma glucose level in the normal range, including ophthalmic complications. Hence, this study intended to pinpoint predictors of poor plasma glucose maintenance in type II DM people with ophthalmic complication. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey using simple random sampling approach to recruit participants. An interviewer-based questionnaire was used and ophthalmic complication was determined by visual acuity test. We used statistical package for social sciences version 23 to analyze the data and descriptive statistics were calculated. Predictors were ascertained using multivariable logistic regression at p≤0.05. Besides, AOR with 95% CI was also estimated to show extent of association. Results: The prevalence of poor plasma glucose maintenance was 65.1% (56.6-73.6). Poor plasma maintenance was predicted by the absence of formal education (OR: 0.67; 0.20-2.23), DM history of family members (OR=4.29; 1.33-13.83), longer duration of diabetes (OR: 3.02; 1.09-8.63), insulin use (OR=10.05; 2.72-52.35), and less physical exercise (OR=2.91; 1.47-5.76). Conclusion:Study subjects with no education, DM history of family members, prolonged DM, insulin medication, and inadequate exercise had higher rate of poor plasma glucose maintenance. Health professionals should educate patients on the importance of self-adherence to plasma glucose monitoring, and encourage them to practice recommended physical activity.

Prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adult diabetic patients visiting Adare General Hospital, Hawassa, South Ethiopia, 2022

“…This result was similar to that of the study conducted in Dessie, Ethiopia. The possible justification for this association is that an increment in the level of hyperglycemia or having poor glycemic control can increase the onset and rate of progression of diabetic retinopathy, which leads to visual impairment [ 19 , 41 ].…”

Physical activity can improve diabetes patients' glucose control; A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The length of disease was found to be the most commonly reported predictor of poor glycemic control (n = 12 studies) [ 22 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ], whereas dietary habits were the second most commonly reported independent predictor of poorly controlled glucose levels (n = 8) [ 22 , 25 , 26 , 31 , 32 , 35 , 39 , 40 ]. Patients' sex (n = 10 studies) [ 21 , 25 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 36 , 37 , 38 ] and age (n = 7 studies) [ 21 , 25 , 31 , 32 , 35 , 37 , 38 ] were found to be predictive of glycemic control among biologic variables.…”

“…Three studies reported that alcohol use was also associated with glycemic control [ 21 , 25 , 31 ], while two articles stated khat chewing [ 31 , 33 ] as a predictor of glycemic control. The most commonly reported socio-demographic variable is the educational status (n = 7 studies) [ 22 , 25 , 27 , 31 , 33 , 37 , 40 ], whereas residency [ 26 , 27 , 31 ] and employment status [ 22 , 34 ] were reported by three and two papers, respectively, as predicting glycemic control. Body mass index was reported by six authors [ 22 , 30 , 31 , 33 , 37 , 38 ].…”

“…The most commonly reported socio-demographic variable is the educational status (n = 7 studies) [ 22 , 25 , 27 , 31 , 33 , 37 , 40 ], whereas residency [ 26 , 27 , 31 ] and employment status [ 22 , 34 ] were reported by three and two papers, respectively, as predicting glycemic control. Body mass index was reported by six authors [ 22 , 30 , 31 , 33 , 37 , 38 ]. Only two studies reported type of diabetes as a predictor of glycemic control [ 31 , 38 ].…”

“…From the total of 501 studies underwent fulltext review and critical appraisal, fourteen [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ] were selected for meta-analysis while 19 papers including the former and additional five studies [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ] were used for descriptive review. Studies included in the meta-analysis were those papers which studied (or described) the association of physical activity and glycemic control among adult Ethiopian diabetes patients.…”