Predictors of Persistence of Risky Drinking in Adults: An 11-Year Follow-Up Study

Härkönen, Janne; Aalto, Mauri; Suvisaari, Jaana; Lintonen, Tomi; Mäki‐Opas, Tomi; Peña, Sebastián; Mäkelä, Pia

doi:10.1159/000481347

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Given alcohol use is a necessary cause of alcohol attributable mortality (i.e. the event cannot occur in the absence of alcohol use), the observed mediated effect of smoking on alcohol-attributable mortality could be due to unmeasured harmful drinking, as alcohol use and smoking strongly correlate, or to combined effects that were not captured by the interaction between alcohol and smoking [60].…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint effects of alcohol use, smoking and body mass index as an explanation for the alcohol harm paradox: causal mediation analysis of eight cohort studies

et al. 2021

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Background and aims Lower socio‐economic status (SES) is associated with higher alcohol‐related harm despite lower levels of alcohol use. Differential vulnerability due to joint effects of behavioural risk factors is one potential explanation for this ‘alcohol harm paradox’. We analysed to what extent socio‐economic inequalities in alcohol‐mortality are mediated by alcohol, smoking and body mass index (BMI), and their joint effects with each other and with SES. Design Cohort study of eight health examination surveys (1978–2007) linked to mortality data. Setting Finland. Participants A total of 53 632 Finnish residents aged 25+ years. Measurements The primary outcome was alcohol‐attributable mortality. We used income as an indicator of SES. We assessed the joint effects between income and mediators (alcohol use, smoking and BMI) and between the mediators, adjusting for socio‐demographic indicators. We used causal mediation analysis to calculate the total, direct, indirect and mediated interactive effects using Aalen's additive hazards models. Findings During 1 085 839 person‐years of follow‐up, we identified 865 alcohol‐attributable deaths. We found joint effects for income and alcohol use and income and smoking, resulting in 46.8 and 11.4 extra deaths due to the interaction per 10 000 person‐years. No interactions were observed for income and BMI or between alcohol and other mediators. The lowest compared with the highest income quintile was associated with 5.5 additional alcohol deaths per 10 000 person‐years (95% confidence interval = 3.7, 7.3) after adjusting for confounders. The proportion mediated by alcohol use was negative (−69.3%), consistent with the alcohol harm paradox. The proportion mediated by smoking and BMI and their additive interactions with income explained 18.1% of the total effect of income on alcohol‐attributable mortality. Conclusions People of lower socio‐economic status appear to be more vulnerable to the effects of alcohol use and smoking on alcohol‐attributable mortality. Behavioural risk factors and their joint effects with income may explain part of the alcohol harm paradox.

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Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint effects of alcohol use, smoking and body mass index as an explanation for the alcohol harm paradox: causal mediation analysis of eight cohort studies

et al. 2021

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“…The authors found that having a higher education, being male, and smoking at baseline significantly predicted risky drinking at follow-up, but baseline physical activity did not significantly predict or protect against risky drinking. [56] Ejsing et al (2015) analyzed data from 18,359 participants who were followed for an average of 21 years. Results indicated that the risk of developing an alcohol use disorder was significantly greater among participants who reported no leisure-time physical activity (HR = 1.45 [95% CI: 1.01–2.09]) for women; HR = 1.64 [95% CI: 1.29–2.1] for men) compared with moderate-to-highly active men and women after adjusting for potential confounders including smoking and baseline alcohol intake.…”

Section: Adults (Approximately 35–54 Years Old)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity and the Development of Substance Use Disorders: Current Knowledge and Future Directions

Brellenthin

Lee

2018

Progress in Preventive Medicine

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Physical activity and exercise are positive health behaviors that have been shown to reduce the risk of physical and psychological diseases. There is a strong rationale that physical activity could be a protective factor against the development of substance use disorders (SUDs), which include some of the most common mental health conditions such as tobacco and alcohol use disorder. This review examined the epidemiological literature to describe the associations of physical activity and substance use across the lifespan. The findings indicated that physical activity is positively associated with current and future alcohol use but negatively associated with tobacco and other drug use, with the strongest support originating from adolescent and young adult samples. Considerably less data exist on physical activity and other drug use in later life. Limitations in previous studies, such as the indeterminate measurement of physical activity and absence of clinical SUD endpoints, should be addressed in future investigations to provide clarity regarding the strength and directions of these relationships among different substances and populations.

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“…These risk factors are also associated with mental health problems (2)(3)(4)(5). Additionally, an association between harmful drinking and physical inactivity has been found (6)(7)(8). Drinking above the recommended limits increases the risk of developing health problems such as liver disease, hypertension, stroke, heart disease, and several cancers (9,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between psychological distress and alcohol consumption and physical activity: a population-based cohort study

et al. 2023

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IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic and infection control measures caused changes to daily life for most people. Heavy alcohol consumption and physical inactivity are two important behavioral risk factors for noncommunicable diseases worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic, with its social distancing measures, home office policies, isolation, and quarantine requirements may have an impact on these factors. This three-wave longitudinal study aims to investigate if psychological distress and worries related to health and economy were associated with levels and changes in alcohol consumption and physical activity during the two first years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway.MethodsWe used data collected in April 2020, January 2021, and January 2022 from an online longitudinal population-based survey. Alcohol consumption and physical activity status were assessed at all three measuring points via the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-C) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). COVID-19-related worries, home office/study, occupational situation, age, gender, children below 18 years living at home, and psychological distress (measured with the Symptom Checklist (SCL-10)) were included as independent variables in the model. A mixed model regression was used and presented with coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsAnalysis of data from 25,708 participants demonstrates that participants with substantial symptoms of psychological distress more often reported higher alcohol consumption (1.86 units/week, CI 1.48–2.24) and lower levels of physical activity [−1,043 Metabolic Equivalents of Task (METs) per week, CI −1,257;−828] at baseline. Working/studying from home (0.37 units/week, CI 0.24–0.50) and being male (1.57 units/week, CI 1.45–1.69) were associated with higher alcohol consumption. Working/studying from home (−536 METs/week, CI −609;−463), and being older than 70 years (−503 METs/week, CI −650;−355) were related to lower levels of physical activity. The differences in activity levels between those with the highest and lowest levels of psychological distress reduced over time (239 METs/week, CI 67;412), and similarly the differences in alcohol intake reduced over time among those having and not having children < 18 years (0.10 units/week, CI 0.01–0.19).ConclusionThese findings highlight the substantial increases in risks related to inactivity and alcohol consumption among those with high levels of psychological distress symptoms, and particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and increase the understanding of factors associated with worries and health behavior.

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Predictors of Persistence of Risky Drinking in Adults: An 11-Year Follow-Up Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Joint effects of alcohol use, smoking and body mass index as an explanation for the alcohol harm paradox: causal mediation analysis of eight cohort studies

Joint effects of alcohol use, smoking and body mass index as an explanation for the alcohol harm paradox: causal mediation analysis of eight cohort studies

Physical Activity and the Development of Substance Use Disorders: Current Knowledge and Future Directions

The association between psychological distress and alcohol consumption and physical activity: a population-based cohort study

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