Predictors of hoarding severity in older adults with hoarding disorder

Ayers, Catherine R.; Dozier, Mary E.

doi:10.1017/s1041610214001677

Cited by 38 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Having reported at least one parent with hoarding tendencies was associated with a higher severity of recalled hoarding symptoms in early life, which is consistent with the previous research about the associations of having family members with hoarding tendencies and current HD severity (Ayers & Dozier, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Women may have few clutter symptoms early in life, but this does not seem to impact clutter levels in older adulthood. These results are interesting in light of gender disparity in treatment-seeking samples of adults with compulsive hoarding, with more women than men volunteering to participate in hoarding studies (Ayers & Dozier, 2014;Gilliam et al, 2011;Muroff et al, 2009;Steketee et al, 2010), suggesting that gender may factor into symptom presentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Hoarding disorder (HD), only recently codified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5;American Psychiatric Association, 2013), has been linked with multiple risks to older adults, including medical problems, impairment in activities of daily living, and fire or falling hazards (Ayers, Iqbal, & Strickland, 2014;Ayers, Saxena, Golshan, & Wetherell, 2010;Ayers, Scheisher, Liu, & Wetherell, 2012;Ayers & Dozier, 2014). Although several papers have discussed the age of onset of compulsive hoarding (Grisham, Frost, Steketee, Kim, & Hood, 2006;Ayers et al, 2010) and hoarding symptoms in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (Tolin, Meunier, Frost, & Steketee, 2010), none of the studies has examined the age of onset and progression of hoarding symptoms in older adults meeting DSM-5 criteria for HD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age of onset and progression of hoarding symptoms in older adults with hoarding disorder

Dozier

Porter

Ayers

2015

Aging & Mental Health

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Objectives-We investigated (1) age of onset of hoarding disorder (HD) symptoms and diagnosis, (2) late-onset HD, (3) progression of HD symptoms, and (4) association between demographics and hoarding progression.Method-Eighty-two older adults with HD provided retrospective ratings of their hoarding symptoms for each decade of life. Age of onset of symptoms (saving, difficulty discarding, and clutter) was operationalized as the first decade in which the participant reported at least minor symptom severity, and age of onset for possible HD diagnosis was operationalized as the first decade in which the participant reported all three symptoms. We used mixed effects modeling to examine the progression of HD symptoms.Results-The median age of onset for symptoms was between 10 and 20 years, and the median age of onset for possible HD diagnosis was between 20 and 30 years. Twenty-three percent of participants reported onset of possible HD diagnosis after the age of 40. All HD symptoms increased in severity over time. Men reported higher initial clutter and a slower increase in hoarding severity for all symptoms. Increased education was associated with slower increase in saving. Having at least one parent with hoarding tendencies was associated with higher initial hoarding symptoms.Conclusion-Generally, symptoms of HD begin relatively early and worsen across the lifespan. However, approximately one fourth of older adults with HD reported a possible onset after the age of 40.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age of onset and progression of hoarding symptoms in older adults with hoarding disorder

Dozier

Porter

Ayers

2015

Aging & Mental Health

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“…The self-reported family history provides further support for a genetic component to hoarding symptoms. Older adults with HD report having an average of 2 biological relatives with hoarding symptoms, with nearly 50% of geriatric hoarding patients reporting having had a mother with hoarding tendencies [11] . Although self-report data of this kind cannot fully parse out the effect of genes and the environment (e.g., the effect of genes and epigenetics vs. social learning), it does suggest a strong familial link in the etiology of HD.…”

Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Etiology of Hoarding Disorder: A Review

Dozier

Ayers²

2017

Psychopathology

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This article will review the evidence of various proposed factors that contribute to the onset and maintenance of hoarding disorder (HD). Data suggests that hoarding is a chronic condition that starts early in life and does not remit if left untreated. There is emerging evidence that a number of factors contribute to the expression of HD symptoms, including genetics, neurocognitive functioning, attachments to possessions, beliefs, avoidance, personality factors, and life events. The extent to which each etiological factor uniquely contributes to hoarding is still unknown. Other demographic factors, such as socioeconomic status, age, and gender, may impact hoarding severity. Research on the causes and characteristics of hoarding has recently started making progress into understanding this newly recognized disorder, yet we still have a ways to go in understanding the biological and environmental causes. This paper will synthesize available literature on the etiology of HD.

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“…It is often a trait-like type of behavior that arises early in life, but may become increasingly prominent over time, developing into a frank disorder only in the fifth decade of life or later. Indeed, the prevalence of hoarding disorders is believed to be three times as high among older persons (Ayers et al, 2015). Although, hoarding is associated with anxiety and depression, it has recently been recognized as a distinct disorder and placed among the spectrum of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders in DSM-5.…”

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confidence: 99%

Late-life anxiety is coming of age

Beekman

Voshaar²,

Pachana

2015

Int. Psychogeriatr.

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Anxiety is an adaptive human experience that may occur at all ages and serves to help draw attention to, avoid or cope with immanent threat and danger. Given its evolutionary importance, it has strong genetic and biological underpinnings, and when it serves that adaptive function for the organism, anxiety may be viewed as useful. However, complex adaptive systems, such as our adaptation to threat or stress, by definition provide many and often interrelated points of breakdown or dysregulation, which, if sustained, may lead to psychopathology. Anxiety has been described as a common currency for psychopathology, indicating that it is a first line and universal way for us to respond to stress and threat. It is more or less prominent in patients diagnosed with practically all psychiatric or neurodegenerative disorders. This has lead to the inclusion of anxiety as a cross-cutting symptom measure in the development of DSM-5 (APA, 2013). Given that they are rooted in a complex adaptive system that has many potential points of impact to develop pathology, it is not surprising that anxiety disorders are extremely heterogeneous. This heterogeneity of anxiety disorders pertains to symptomatology, etiology and outcomes, and poses great challenges to both research and clinical practice.

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Predictors of hoarding severity in older adults with hoarding disorder

Abstract: Background-The recent addition of hoarding disorder (HD) to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders, 5th edition, has highlighted the dearth of information about

Cited by 38 publications

References 21 publications

Age of onset and progression of hoarding symptoms in older adults with hoarding disorder

Age of onset and progression of hoarding symptoms in older adults with hoarding disorder

The Etiology of Hoarding Disorder: A Review

Late-life anxiety is coming of age

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