Predictors of HIV and Syphilis among Men Who Have Sex with Men in a Chinese Metropolitan City: Comparison of Risks among Students and Non-Students

Zhang, Lan; Ding, Xianbin; Lu, Rongrong; Feng, Luzhao; Li, Xuefeng; Xiao, Yan; Ruan, Yuhua; Vermund, Sten H.; Shao, Yiming; Qian, Han-Zhu

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0037211

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…These findings are similar to a study conducted in Chongqing province in 2009, which found that compared to students, non-students MSM have higher HIV infection prevalence (4.4% versus 20.9%) [30]. This findings is consistent with a previous study which found that HIV infection was associated with lower education level [22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

HIV Incidence and Risk Factors in Chinese Young Men Who Have Sex with Men—A Prospective Cohort Study

Dong

Xu²,

Dou³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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ObjectivesTo assess HIV incidence and its associated risk factors among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in urban areas, China.DesignThe study used a prospective cohort study design and standard diagnostic tests.MethodsA twelve-month prospective cohort study was conducted among YMSM (18–25 years old) in 8 large cities in China. The participants were recruited via snowball sampling. A total of 1102 HIV-negative YMSM completed baseline assessment, 878 YMSM participants completed 6-month follow-up, and 902 completed 12-month follow-up. HIV was screened by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed with Western Blot. Syphilis was screened via rapid plasma reagent and confirmed by treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay.Results78 HIV seroconversions were identified within 1168.4 person-year observations yielding an incidence rate of 6.7 per 100 person-years. HIV seroconversion was associated with non-student status (RR = 2.61, 90% CI = 1.3–5.26), low HIV transmission knowledge (RR = 8.87, 90% CI = 2.16–36.43), and syphilis infection (RR = 5.04, 90% CI = 2.57–9.90).ConclusionsIncidence of HIV among YMSM is high in urban areas of China. Interventions measures are required to contain the HIV epidemic within this population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

HIV Incidence and Risk Factors in Chinese Young Men Who Have Sex with Men—A Prospective Cohort Study

Dong

Xu²,

Dou³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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“…Student MSM seemed to be more represented among non-testers than in testers (7.6% vs. 18.5%; P <0.001), perhaps due to stigma, peer discrimination, and low HIV risk perception. 60,61 The duration of living in a city is also an indicator of HIV testing uptake among Chinese MSM. 44 We found those who lived for fewer years in Beijing tended to have no prior testing experience.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent HIV Testing: Impact on HIV Risk Among Chinese Men Who Have Sex with Men

Liu

Qian

Ruan³

et al. 2016

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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Background The HIV epidemic continues to expand among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. The NIMH Project Accept/HPTN 043 trial suggested a borderline significant trend towards HIV incidence reduction among persons with higher testing rates. Methods We assessed HIV testing histories and infection status among a community-based Beijing MSM. HIV serostatus was lab-confirmed. We ascertained demographic/behavioral factors via questionnaire-based interviews. Associations of prior HIV testing with odds of current HIV infection were assessed, seeking improved like-with-like risk comparisons through multivariable logistic regression analysis with propensity score adjustment and restricted cubic spline modeling. Results Among 3,588 participants, 12.7% were HIV-infected; 70.8 % reported having ever tested for HIV. Compared to MSM who never tested, those ever testing had a 41% reduction in the odds of being HIV-positive (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48, 0.74). Higher HIV testing frequencies were associated with a decreasing trend in the odds of being infected with HIV vs. a referent group with no prior testing (>6 tests [aOR: 0.27; 95%CI: 0.18, 0.41]; 4–6 [aOR: 0.55; 95%CI: 0.39, 0.78]; 2–3 [aOR: 0.61; 95%CI: 0.45, 0.82]; P for trend <0.001). The multivariable adjusted model with restricted cubic spline of HIV testing frequency showed a higher frequency of prior HIV testing associated with lower odds of HIV infection, particularly among men with ≥10 lifetime male sexual partners. Conclusions Using risk probability adjustments to enable less biased comparisons, frequent HIV testing was associated with a lower HIV odds among Chinese MSM.

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“…The exact reasons for this finding are unclear, but one possible reason is that syphilis is a curable disease and several large scale public health programs were conducted in several developing cities in the past few years [74]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of HIV and Syphilis Infection among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China: A Meta-Analysis

Yun-hua¹,

Lü³

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Objectives. To figure out the most current prevalence of HIV and syphilis in MSM in China. Methods. A meta-analysis was conducted on the studies searched through PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang published between 1 January 2009 and 11 April 2013. Results. Eighty-four eligible studies, either in Chinese or in English, were included in this review. The pooled prevalence of HIV and syphilis infection in MSM in China was 6.5% and 11.2%, respectively. The subgroup analyses indicated that the prevalence of HIV infection was higher in the economically less developed cities than that in the developed cities (7.5% versus 6.1%, P < 0.05). In contrast, the prevalence of syphilis infection was lower in less developed cities than in developed cities (8.6% versus 15.1%). Studies with a sample size smaller than 500 had a lower prevalence of HIV and syphilis infection than those with a sample size greater than 500 (5.9% versus 7.2% for HIV; 11.0% versus 11.5% for syphilis, respectively). Conclusions. HIV and syphilis infection are prevalent in MSM in China. The different prevalence of HIV and syphilis infection between developing and developed cities underscores the need to target prevention strategies based on economic conditions.

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Predictors of HIV and Syphilis among Men Who Have Sex with Men in a Chinese Metropolitan City: Comparison of Risks among Students and Non-Students

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

HIV Incidence and Risk Factors in Chinese Young Men Who Have Sex with Men—A Prospective Cohort Study

HIV Incidence and Risk Factors in Chinese Young Men Who Have Sex with Men—A Prospective Cohort Study

Frequent HIV Testing: Impact on HIV Risk Among Chinese Men Who Have Sex with Men

Prevalence of HIV and Syphilis Infection among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China: A Meta-Analysis

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