Predictors of Employment of Men With HIV/AIDS: A Longitudinal Study

Rabkin, Judith G.; McElhiney, Martin; Ferrando, Stephen J.; Gorp, Wilfred van; Lin, Shu Hsing

doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000108083.43147.6d

Cited by 119 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…[37][38][39][40] Yet, returning to work continues to be a challenge for individuals with HIV; these challenges include health insurance coverage, serostatus disclosure to coworkers and experienced stigma at work. 36 Therefore, the continued nature of overall psychological distress and stressors may perpetuate challenges with treatment and disease progression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35 Unemployment has previously been associated with higher rates of depressive symptoms, lower quality of life, and higher levels of HIV RNA and lower CD4 cell counts, as was found in this study. 36,37 In the era prior to HAART, individuals were leaving work due to advanced AIDS, opportunistic infections, medication side effects, and shorter life expectancy. With the improvements in treatment, individuals have the opportunity to continue or return to work, which has been associated with better quality of life, less psychological distress, and increased socioeconomic status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Routine Screening for Depression: Identifying a Challenge for Successful HIV Care

Shacham

Nurutdinova

Satyanarayana

et al. 2009

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Individuals with HIV experience fluctuating levels of distress throughout the course of HIV infection. This study was conducted to examine the associations of depressive symptomatology with HIV disease in a cohort of individuals who are engaged in routine medical care. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of depressive symptoms that were measured as part of a standard of care behavioral assessment among individuals at an urban HIV clinic in the Midwest. Demographic characteristics, depressive symptoms, and behavioral risk factors were collected. A total of 514 individuals participated in the study, the majority of whom was male and African American. One quarter of the sample endorsed symptoms of other depressive disorder, while 18% (n ¼ 91) endorsed symptoms of major depressive disorder as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Among those on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), individuals who were unemployed (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] ¼ 2.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] ¼ 1.54, 3.97), had a minor dependent (AOR ¼ 2.17, 95% CI ¼ 1.25, 3.77), or between the ages of 18 and 34 years (AOR ¼ 1.37, CI ¼ 1.03, 1.94) and detectable HIV viral load (AOR ¼ 2.52, 95% CI ¼ 1.22, 5.23) were more likely to report depressive disorder symptoms when controlling for age, gender, race, and education. Nearly 15% of the sample endorsed having suicidal thoughts at least once in the past two weeks. Regardless of HAART prescription, individuals who were unemployed had a higher likelihood of expressing suicidal ideation (AOR ¼ 3.43, 95% CI ¼ 1.66, 7.06). Given the association between depressive symptomatology and poor rates of HIV viral suppression, screening and appropriate interventions for depressive symptoms are warranted in the HIV outpatient setting to improve outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routine Screening for Depression: Identifying a Challenge for Successful HIV Care

Shacham

Nurutdinova

Satyanarayana

et al. 2009

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies have reported persistent high unemployment rates among persons living with HIV/AIDS in the era of HAART, ranging from 45 to 65% [23][24][25][26][27][28]. Such unemployment rates are likely to be the result of a debilitating effect of HIV disease on workforce participation, but they may also at least partly reflect sociodemographic or behavioural disadvantages regarding workforce participation (i.e., female gender, advanced age, low educational level, manual occupation, foreign-nativity, low educational level, manual occupation, intravenous drug use) existing prior to HIV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Differences in the Impact of HIV Infection on Workforce Participation in France in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

et al. 2007

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Objectives. We sought to measure the difference in employment rates between HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative persons and to establish whether this difference varied according to the HIV-infected persons’ socioeconomic position as defined by education level. Methods. We used data from the VESPA (VIH: Enquête Sur les Personnes Atteintes) study, a large cross-sectional survey conducted among a nationally representative sample of 2932 HIV-infected patients in France. Age-, gender-, nationality-, and education-standardized employment rates were estimated with the French general population as the reference. The differences in employment rates with the general population were computed overall and according to education level. Results. Compared with that of the general population, the overall employment rate was 25% lower (95% confidence interval [CI]=16%, 32%) among HIV-infected patients diagnosed before 1994 and 9% lower (95% CI = 5%, 16%) among HIV-infected patients diagnosed from 1994 onward. The difference in employment rates with the general population was significantly higher among patients with a low education level. The employment rate of highly educated HIV-infected patients diagnosed from 1994 onward did not differ from that of the general population. Conclusions. HIV infection was associated with decreased workforce participation among those with a low education level but not among highly educated individuals.

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“…Existing research suggests that HIV status often has a negative impact on SES by limiting the individual's ability to work and earn income. [16] For those who are already positive, being poor and unemployed may also create challenges to accessing healthy food and antiretroviral treatment, leading to a faster progression from HIV to AIDS. Positive HIV status may further entrench a cycle of social and income inequality that leads to poverty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The case for expanding the definition of ‘key populations’ to include high-risk groups in the general population to improve targeted HIV prevention efforts

et al. 2015

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Background. Two additional key populations within the general population in South Africa (SA) that are at risk of HIV infection are black African women aged 20 -34 years and black African men aged 25 -49 years. Objective. To investigate the social determinants of HIV serostatus for these two high-risk populations. Methods. Data from the 2012 South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence, and Behaviour Survey were analysed for black African women aged 20 -34 years and black African men aged 25 -49 years.Results. Of the 6.4 million people living with HIV in SA in 2012, 1.8 million (28%) were black women aged 20 -34 years and 1.9 million (30%) black men aged 25 -49 years. In 2012, they constituted 58% of the total HIV-positive population and 48% of the newly infected population. Low socioeconomic status (SES) was strongly associated (p<0.001) with being HIV-positive among black women aged 20 -34 years, and was marginally significant among black men aged 25 -49 years (p<0.1). Conclusion. Low SES is a critical social determinant for HIV infection among the high-risk groups of black African women aged 20 -34 years and black African men aged 25 -49 years. Targeted interventions for these key populations should prioritise socioeconomic empowerment, access to formal housing and services, access to higher education, and broad economic transformation.

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Predictors of Employment of Men With HIV/AIDS: A Longitudinal Study

Cited by 119 publications

References 22 publications

Routine Screening for Depression: Identifying a Challenge for Successful HIV Care

Routine Screening for Depression: Identifying a Challenge for Successful HIV Care

Socioeconomic Differences in the Impact of HIV Infection on Workforce Participation in France in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

The case for expanding the definition of ‘key populations’ to include high-risk groups in the general population to improve targeted HIV prevention efforts

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