Predictors of emotional exhaustion among nonresidential staff persons.

Abstract

I n t r o d u c t i o n S in ce the first discussions of this phe nomenon in professional journals (Freudenberger, 1974,1975), burnout in human services workers has received substantial attention in a great variety of fields (Kahili, 1988; Kilpatrick, 1989; Ursprung, 1986). Although there has been a dramatic increase in communitybased psychosocial rehabilitation ser vices for people with serious and persistent mental illnesses, few empiri cal studies on burnout have been conducted. To our knowledge, no ARTICLES 340This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly.

Burnout Among Relatives of Psychiatric Patients Attending Psychoeducational Support Groups

“…In this study we used only the subscale of the MBI measuring emotional exhaustion, because of the growing consensus and empirical support for the view that emotional exhaustion is the best measure of burnout (18). In this study we used only the subscale of the MBI measuring emotional exhaustion, because of the growing consensus and empirical support for the view that emotional exhaustion is the best measure of burnout (18).…”

Causes and Treatment of Burnout in Residential Child Care Workers: A Review of the Research

“…Numerous studies have found an inverse correlation between social support in an organization and the development of burnout (Cherniss, 1980;Dietzel & Coursey, 1998;Etzion, 1984;Himle, Jayaratne, & Chess, 1987;Himle, Jayaratne, & Thyness, 1989;Jackson & Schuler, 1983;Jayaratne, Tripodi, & Chess, 1983;Kramen-Kahn & Hansen, 1998;Maslach & Jackson, 1981;Maslach & Pines, 1977;Pines & Maslach, 1978;Russell, Altmaier, & Van Velzen, 1987;Shinn, Rosario, Morch, & Chestnut, 1984;Wade, Cooley, & Savicki, 1986;Winnibust, 1993). Many have found this effect to be related to both supervisor support and co-worker support, noting that "decreased emotional support from supervisors and co-workers was predictive of irritation, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization .…”

“…(p. 74) Dietzel and Coursey (1998) add some specific recommendations that include the need for supervisors to offer specific feedback and practical advice on effective ways of dealing with work situations.…”

“…Other researchers suggest that social support focus on the supervisor by training supervisors to appropriately support their employees (Acker, 1999;Decker, Bailey, & Westergaard, 2002;Dietzel & Coursey, 1998;Russell, Altmaier, & Van Velzen, 1987;Ursprung, 1986). Decker, Bailey, and Westergaard (2002) provide specifications as to the function of this supervision:…”

“…Age is one of the most frequently studied variables, although the findings are inconsistent. Corcoran (1987) found that age was not related to the development of burnout, while others have found age to be strongly tied to burnout (Dietzel & Coursey, 1998), with younger individuals reporting higher levels of burnout (Russell, Altmaier, & Van Velzen, 1987;Schwab & Iwanicki, 1982).…”