Predictors of distant metastasis at presentation in breast cancer: a study also evaluating associations among common biological indicators

Bozcuk, Hakan; Uslu, G; Peştereli, Elif; Samur, Mustafa; Özdoğan, Mustafa; Karaveli, Şeyda; Sargın, F.; Savaş, Burhan

doi:10.1023/a:1012269804578

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our study provides convincing evidence for a non-significant association between expression of ER, PR and lymph node metastasis. Similar results have been documented in other studies [16,17] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Histopathological Grade versus Estrogen and Progestron Receptor Status in Carcinoma Breast- A Single Center Study

Mittal¹

2017

jmscr

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Histopathological Grade versus Estrogen and Progestron Receptor Status in Carcinoma Breast- A Single Center Study

Mittal¹

2017

jmscr

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“…Our study, as well as others, did not find a significant association between Her-2/neu overexpression and positive axillary lymph nodes (11,13,24,25). Tumor size is one of the most useful predictors of tumor behavior in breast cancer.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

HER-2/neu overexpression in invasive ductal breast cancer: An association with other prognostic and predictive factors

et al. 2007

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Background: HER-2/neu is a proto-oncogene that is amplified/overexpressed in 15 to 30% of invasive breast cancers. The purpose of this study was to determine if any relationship exist between HER-2/neu protein overexpression and estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), grade, size, and lymph node status in female breast cancer. Methods: A total of 100 cases of invasive ductal breast cancer were included in this study. The hormone receptors and HER-2/neu were studied immunohistochemically (IHC). Using the HER-2/neu DAKO scoring system, scores of 0, 1+ and 2+ were defined as negative and 3+ as positive. Results: HER-2/neu protein overexpression was seen in 20 (20%) of cases. HER-2/neu protein overexpression was present in 4 of 52 T1 lesions (8%), in 11 of 37 T2 lesions (30%), in 3 of 6 T3 lesions (50%), and in 2 of 5 T4 lesions (40%), (p<0.05). Protein overexpression was seen in 7 of 17 grade III tumors (41%), and 13 of 61 grade II tumors (21%). Overexpression was not detected in grade I tumors (p<0.01). Of the 20 Her-2/neu positive cases, ER- and PR-negative status was detected in 60% and 70%, respectively. Conclusion: Statistically significant correlation was found between HER-2/neu protein overexpression and large tumor size, high histological grade, and ER-, PR-negativity. There was no correlation with lymphonodal status

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“…The p53 status (mutated, null, or wild-type) of tumors often correlates with its metastatic potential (41). The effect of NO on MB231 (mutant p53) and MB 157 (p53-null) human breast cancer cell lines was evaluated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxic inducible factor 1α, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and p53 are regulated by distinct threshold concentrations of nitric oxide

Thomas

Espey

Ridnour

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

265

228

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NO produced in tumors can either positively or negatively regulate growth. To examine this dichotomy, effects of NO concentration and duration on the posttranslational regulation of several key proteins were examined in human breast MCF7 cells under aerobic conditions. We found that different concentration thresholds of NO appear to elicit a discrete set of signal transduction pathways. At low steady-state concentrations of NO (<50 nM), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation was induced via a guanylate cyclase-dependent mechanism. Hypoxic inducible factor 1␣ (HIF-1␣) accumulation was associated with an intermediate amount of NO (>100 nM), whereas p53 serine 15 phosphorylation occurred at considerably higher levels (>300 nM). ERK phosphorylation was transient during NO exposure. HIF-1␣ stabilization paralleled the presence of NO, whereas p53 serine 15 phosphorylation was detected during, and persisted after, NO exposure. The dose-dependent effects of synthetic NO donors were mimicked by activated macrophages cocultured with MCF7 cells at varying ratios. ERK and HIF-1␣ activation was similar in breast cancer cell lines either mutant (MB231) or null (MB157) in p53. The stabilization of HIF-1␣ by NO was not observed with increased MCF7 cell density, demonstrating the interrelationship between NO and O 2 consumption. The findings show that concentration and duration of NO exposure are critical determinants in the regulation of tumor-related proteins.cancer ͉ hypoxia ͉ macrophage ͉ inducible NO synthase N itric oxide (NO) has been shown to participate in numerous physiological functions important to tumor survival and propagation. Over the last decade, many reports have presented both positive and negative aspects of NO in tumor biology. Whereas NO was found to be either cytostatic or cytotoxic (1-5), other reports provide evidence that NO promotes cancer propagation by increasing tumor growth angiogenesis and metastasis (6-16). NO appears to be two-sided: beneficial or deleterious. In vivo transfection models have demonstrated inducible NO synthase (iNOS) can slow the growth in murine melanoma cells (17), whereas human colon DLD-1 cells showed a more aggressive phenotype (18). It was found that the relative iNOS activities from these melanoma cells were considerably higher than those reported for the DLD-1 cell line. Because of the complex chemistry of NO, its concentration and the cellular redox environment can dictate the biological outcome (19,20). These factors suggest that perhaps the rate of NO production is a critical determinant. Most of the current data has focused on whether NO can regulate specific signal transduction pathways. Little is known regarding NO dose and concentration effects on these mechanisms. Because in vivo NO concentrations can vary considerably depending on the location and conditions of its production, we felt that it was of great importance to investigate this aspect on the regulation of key proteins. In this study, we have examined the concentration and temporal ef...

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Predictors of distant metastasis at presentation in breast cancer: a study also evaluating associations among common biological indicators

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

Histopathological Grade versus Estrogen and Progestron Receptor Status in Carcinoma Breast- A Single Center Study

Histopathological Grade versus Estrogen and Progestron Receptor Status in Carcinoma Breast- A Single Center Study

HER-2/neu overexpression in invasive ductal breast cancer: An association with other prognostic and predictive factors

Hypoxic inducible factor 1α, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and p53 are regulated by distinct threshold concentrations of nitric oxide

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