Predictors of Disease Course in Patients With Acute Myocarditis

Abstract

Elevation of sFas and sFasL levels at initial presentation appear to be a good serological marker to predict the prognosis of acute myocarditis.

Enhanced expression and production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in myocarditis

“…To clarify the role of MCP-1 in the pathogenesis of myocarditis, we have examined the expression of MCP-1 in rat hearts with experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM), and have also measured serum levels of MCP-1 in patients with histology-proven acute myocarditis. Lewis rats were immunized with cardiac myosin and were killed 9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33, 36, 42 and 56 days after immunization. Large mononuclear cells in the myocardial interstitium were stained with an anti-MCP-1 antibody.…”

“…Three or four rats were killed under anaesthesia on days 9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33,36, 42 and 56 after immunization, and blood and cardiac ventricles were collected. Then, one third of the ventricles were frozen for analysis of mRNA, one third of them were fixed in 10% formalin for histopathology, and one third of them were frozen for immunohistochemistry.…”

“…Blood samples were obtained from the patients immediately after admission to the hospital. We have previously reported the clinical profiles of 21 patients of these patients [27]. The control group was composed of age and gender-matched 20 healthy volunteers including 10 men and 10 women.…”

Th1/Th2 Balance Alteration in the Clinical Course of a Patient With Acute Viral Myocarditis.

“…[2][3][4] Cytokines are being recognized as important factors in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of myocarditis; elevated levels of circulating cytokines have been reported in patients with acute viral myocarditis, 5 and enhanced expression of cytokine genes has been reported in animal models of myocarditis. [6][7][8] Distinct cytokine profiles are clearly associated with the clinical processes of some infectious and immunological diseases and are determined to some extent by 2 functional subsets of T helper (Th) cells, designated as Th1 and Th2.…”

Acute Myocarditis in Emergency Medicine

“…We can then identify the causative drug by a drug-induced lymphocyte stimulation test. Soluble Fas and Fas ligand (Fuse et al, 2000), interleukin-10 ( Nishii et al, 2004), and tenascin-C (ImanakaYoshida et al, 2002) may be used in upcoming tests for diagnosing myocarditis. Guidelines for diagnosis are presented in Table 3.…”