Background and Purpose-The aim of this study was to verify whether the presence of anosognosia (A) affects the rehabilitative prognosis of hemiplegic subjects with neglect (N). Methods-This study was carried out on 30 patients with left hemiplegia: 15 patients had neglect (group N) and 15 had neglect and anosognosia (group NϩA). Mean age was 68.2Ϯ6.3 in group N (9 men and 6 women) and 72.1Ϯ6.4 in group NϩA (7 men and 8 women). The average interval from onset of stroke to admission for rehabilitation was 23 and 23.6 days, respectively, in group N and in group NϩA. Patients were assessed through the Mesulam test, Bisiach test, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fugl-Meyer scale, Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and Rankin scale. Results-Before rehabilitation, cognitive FIM scores of patients of group N were significantly higher than those of group NϩA (Pϭ0.001), whereas motor FIM scores and total FIM scores did not differ between the 2 groups. After rehabilitation, cognitive FIM scores (Pϭ0.000) and even motor (Pϭ0.009) and total FIM scores (Pϭ0.000) were statistically higher in group N than in group NϩA. Effectiveness (Pϭ0.005) and efficiency (Pϭ0.012) in the motor FIM scores of group N were significantly greater than those of group NϩA. Disability was lower in group N (Pϭ0.040). Conclusions-Our study shows that the presence of anosognosia worsens the rehabilitation prognosis in hemiplegic subjects who also have neglect.