Predictors of Cobalamin Deficiency in Guatemalan School Children: Diet, Helicobacter pylori, or Bacterial Overgrowth?

Rogers, Lisa M.; Boy, Erick; Miller, Joshua W.; Green, Ralph; Rodríguez, M.; Chew, Francisco; Allen, Lindsay H.

doi:10.1097/00005176-200301000-00008

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…H. pylori infection, gastrin levels, ethnic origin, and age were independent risk factors for food-bound vitamin B 12 malabsorption. In 174 Guatemalan schoolchildren aged 8 to 12 years, 83% were infected so its prevalence was not different among those with deficient, marginal, and normal plasma vitamin B 12 concentrations [35]. On average the infected children had elevated serum gastrin and pepsinogen concentrations, suggesting that they had gastric inflammation but not gastric atrophy at this life stage.…”

Section: Infections Helicobacter Pylori Infectionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Replacement of breastmilk with cow's milk, which is much higher in vitamin B 12 , predicted higher plasma cobalamin concentrations in a group of predominantly vitamin B 12 -deficient Guatemalan infants [34]. Vitamin B 12 intake was the only significant predictor of plasma vitamin B 12 in 180 Guatemalan schoolchildren-60 each in deficient, marginal, and normal plasma vitamin B 12 groups [35]. Helicobacter pylori infection and bacterial overgrowth were not significant predictors.…”

Section: Causes Of Vitamin B 12 Deficiency In Developing Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causes of Vitamin B₁₂ and Folate Deficiency

Allen¹

2008

Food Nutr Bull

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Section: Infections Helicobacter Pylori Infectionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Causes Of Vitamin B 12 Deficiency In Developing Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of Vitamin B₁₂ and Folate Deficiency

Allen¹

2008

Food Nutr Bull

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285

221

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“…A recent study performed in adults living in southern Turkey also reported a high probability of presence of H. pylori infection together with vitamin B 12 deficiency that was independent of the gastric atrophy [17]. On the other hand, the only pediatric study investigating the relation between H. pylori infection and vitamin B 12 deficiency revealed no direct strong association between vitamin B 12 deficiency and H. pylori infection [21].…”

Section: H Pylori Infection and Vitamin B 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, Kurekci et al [15] showed that the eradication of H. pylori infection without iron treatment led to the resolution of iron deficiency in children. Fewer studies, performed in adults, also revealed positive relations between H. pylori and vitamin B 12 deficiency [16][17][18][19][20], whereas no obvious relation was detected between H. pylori and serum vitamin B 12 levels in a study performed without endoscopy and biopsy in children [21]. A positive relation was also reported between H. pylori and folate deficiency in adults [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Ferritin, Vitamin B12, Folate, and Zinc Levels in Children Infected with Helicobacter pylori

et al. 2007

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We sought to explore the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and serum ferritin, vitamin B(12), folate, and zinc status among children. Fifty patients aged 5-18 years who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy because of dyspeptic symptoms, were studied, prospectively. Patients were grouped as H. pylori positive (group 1, n=32) or H. pylori negative (group 2, n=18) by histopathologic examination and rapid urease test. Fasting serum ferritin, vitamin B(12), folate, and zinc levels of patients were measured. Both groups were indifferent according to age, gender, height standard deviation score (H(SDS)), and weight standard deviation score (W(SDS)). Serum ferritin levels were 33+/-26 and 50+/-46 ng/mL (P=.098), vitamin B(12) levels were 303+/-135 and 393+/-166 pg/mL (P=.042), folate levels were 9.64+/-3.2 and 9.61+/-2.8 ng/mL (P=.979), and zinc levels were 95+/-48 and 87+/-31 mug/dL (P=.538), in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Ferritin levels of 14 (43.8%) patients in group 1 and 6 (33.3%) patients in group 2 were below the normal range (P=.470). Serum vitamin B(12) levels of 9 children (28%) in group 1 and 2 children (11%) in group 2 were below the normal range (P=.287). The findings of the present study suggest that H. pylori infection has a negative effect on serum ferritin and vitamin B(12) levels in children. This negative effect on vitamin B(12) levels is rather marked in contrast to that on ferritin levels. H. pylori infection has no significant effect on serum folate or zinc levels among children.

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“…Homocysteine is toxic to endothelial cells and a risk factor for atherosclerosis [11]. Since 1994, several studies have been published on B 12 and folate levels in H. pylori infected patients with conflicting results [6,12,13]. A review based upon more than two dozen studies dealing with H. pylori infection and vitamin B 12 status and H. pylori infection and hyperhomocysteinemia or both failed to show any clear relationship among H. pylori infection, B 12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine levels and H. Pylori infection in patients with functional dyspepsia: A cross-section study

et al. 2012

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BackgroundH. pylori infection has been associated with many micronutrient deficiencies. There is a dearth of data from communities with nutritional deficiencies and high prevalence of H. pylori infection. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of H. pylori infection on serum levels of vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD).MethodsOne hundred and thirty-two patients with FD undergoing gastroscopy were enrolled. The serum was analyzed for B12, folate and homocysteine levels before gastroscopy. H. pylori infection was diagnosed by histopathological examination of gastric biopsies and urea breath test. An independent sample t-test and the Mann–Whitney test were used to compare mean serum concentrations of biomarkers between H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative groups of patients. A Chi-square test was performed to assess the differences among proportions, while Spearman’s rho was used for correlation analysis between levels of B12 and homocysteine.ResultsThe mean age of the group was 40.3 ± 11.5 (19–72) years. Folate deficiency was seen in 43 (34.6%), B12 deficiency in 30 (23.1%) and hyperhomocysteinemia in 60 (46.2%) patients. H. pylori was present in 80 (61.5%) patients with FD while it was absent in 50 (38.5%). Mean serum levels of B12, folate and homocysteine in the H. pylori-positive group of patients were not significantly different from the levels in the H. pylori-negative group (357 ± 170 vs. 313 ± 136 pg/mL; p = 0.13), (4.35 ± 1.89 vs. 4.42 ± 1.93 ng/mL; p = 0.84); (15.88 ± 8.97 vs. 16.62 ± 7.82 μmol/L; p = 0.24); respectively.B12 deficiency (≤200 pg/mL) was 23.8% in the H. pylori-positive patients versus 22.0% in the H. pylori-negative patients. Folate deficiency (≤3.5 ng/mL) was 33.8% in the H. pylori-positive group versus 36% in the H. pylori-negative group. Hyperhomocysteinemia (>15 μmol/L) was present in 46.2% of H. pylori-positive patients compared to 44% in the H. pylori-negative group. Correlation analysis indicated that serum B12 levels were inversely associated with serum levels of homocysteine in patients with FD (rho = −0.192; p = 0.028).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated an inverse relationship between serum levels of B12 and homocysteine in patients with FD. Moreover, no impact of the presence of H. pylori was found on B12, folate and homocysteine levels in such patients.

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Predictors of Cobalamin Deficiency in Guatemalan School Children: Diet, Helicobacter pylori, or Bacterial Overgrowth?

Abstract: The specific cause of cobalamin deficiency in this population remains unclear, but these results suggest that low dietary B12 intake is a risk factor and alterations in gastric secretions may also play a role.

Cited by 23 publications

References 40 publications

Causes of Vitamin B₁₂ and Folate Deficiency

Causes of Vitamin B₁₂ and Folate Deficiency

Serum Ferritin, Vitamin B12, Folate, and Zinc Levels in Children Infected with Helicobacter pylori

Relationship between vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine levels and H. Pylori infection in patients with functional dyspepsia: A cross-section study

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Predictors of Cobalamin Deficiency in Guatemalan School Children: Diet, Helicobacter pylori, or Bacterial Overgrowth?

Abstract: The specific cause of cobalamin deficiency in this population remains unclear, but these results suggest that low dietary B12 intake is a risk factor and alterations in gastric secretions may also play a role.

Cited by 23 publications

References 40 publications

Causes of Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency

Causes of Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency

Serum Ferritin, Vitamin B12, Folate, and Zinc Levels in Children Infected with Helicobacter pylori

Relationship between vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine levels and H. Pylori infection in patients with functional dyspepsia: A cross-section study

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Product

Resources

About

Causes of Vitamin B₁₂ and Folate Deficiency

Causes of Vitamin B₁₂ and Folate Deficiency