Predictors of blood pressure control in patients with resistant hypertension

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Uncontrolled resistant hypertension (RH) defi ned by the mean 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) represents an independent risk factor in hypertensive patients. Predictors of blood pressure (BP) control in RH are not yet clearly defi ned. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the predictors of BP control in RH patients with repeated ABPM measurements. METHODS: 114 consecutive patients from outpatient cardiology offi ce fulfi lling criteria for RH (offi ce BP ≥ 140 and/or 90 mmHg, with treatment of ≥ 3 antihypertensive drugs, including diuretic, or controlled BP with > 3 drugs), with two consecutive ABPM studies were compared in clinical characteristics according to BP control assessed by ABPM RESULTS: After the second ABPM, BP was controlled in 25.4 % of patients; the remaining 74.6 % were classifi ed as uncontrolled. In the uncontrolled BP group, systolic offi ce BP was 140.91±16.71 mmHg, diastolic 81.26 ± 10.92 mmHg. In ABPM, systolic was 145.11 ± 13.65 mmHg, diastolic 81.26 ± 10.92 mmHg. Compared to the controlled BP group, in the uncontrolled group the age was higher 72.32 ±10.89 years (p = 0.047), baseline average real variability of systolic BP was lower 12.66 ± 3.08 vs. 14.52 ± 3.53 (p = 0.013), no signifi cant difference in baseline standard deviation of systolic BP changes was found. CONCLUSION: Higher offi ce BP, older age, and increased short term BP variability were associated with an uncontrolled hypertension. Stronger association was found with baseline average real variability rather than standard deviation. No signifi cant differences were found in the dipping status and other clinical characteristics (Tab. 6, Fig. 1, Ref. 28). Text in PDF www.elis.sk. KEY WORDS: resistant hypertension, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, blood pressure variability.