Predictors of asthma severity during the pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)

Mirza, T.; Fillimban, Abdulwahab; Maimini, Othman; Khiyat, Emad Y; Dhafar, Khalid O.; Farooq, Mian Usman; Gazzaz, Zohair Jamil

doi:10.20452/pamw.1085

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This study highlighted the impact of asthmarelated admission at emergency facilities dealing with pilgrims during the Hajj and Umrah Pilgrimage season. Our findings are consistent with previous studies conducted by Mirza et al and Al Sindy et al [21,22] during Hajj and Umrah season.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Mild and moderate asthma exacerbations were the most commonly reported severities during both seasons. Mirza et al [21] reported in a study done during Hajj season 2011, that the most common type of asthma exacerbation reported in an emergency setting, were mild (46%) and moderate (31%) exacerbation, interestingly there was no lifethreatening asthma reported during the study period [21]. Similarly, in another study by Sindy et al, acute severe asthma was the major reason for admission during the Hajj pilgrimage on the day of Arafat [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Management, Medication Use and Economic Burden of Asthma among Hajj and Umrah Pilgrims

Haseeb

Alzahrani²,

Bifari

et al. 2020

JPRI

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Introduction: During Hajj and Umrah season, asthma-related acute admissions produce the enormous burden on healthcare facilities and causes delay in admissions for more severe cases, e.g. myocardial infarction, cardiac failure and severe trauma cases. Therefore, the snapshot of asthma-related admissions during the Hajj and Umrah season was determined by asthma-related admissions and medication use and economic burden during Hajj and Umrah pilgrimage season. Methodology: All asthma-related admissions during the month of Ramadan (fasting month) and Hajj pilgrimage were assessed from patients’ data retrospectively. The convenience sampling strategy was used to retrieve study variables. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 22.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 271 patients were selected as per inclusion criteria, the majority of them were males 153 (56.5%), while most of them were Saudi 70 (35.8%) and Egyptians 86 (31.7%). During hospitalization, the common treatment for acute exacerbations was inhaled corticosteroids 224 (86.3%), IV corticosteroids 129 (47.6%), Inhaled short-acting beta-agonists 244 (90%) and inhaled bronchodilators (ipratropium bromide) 237(87.5 5%). Conclusion: This periodic mapping of asthma-related admissions and its management during these massive gathering events is indeed a significant effort to explore issues of acute asthma exacerbations management and to provide information to plan for future interventions and policies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Management, Medication Use and Economic Burden of Asthma among Hajj and Umrah Pilgrims

Haseeb

Alzahrani²,

Bifari

et al. 2020

JPRI

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“…During the ritual period, 77.5% of pilgrims reported at least one respiratory symptom. Asthma and respiratory tract infections might contribute to the spread of inhaled microbes (23). Moreover, there was the possible effect of desert dust and other particles in the spread of airborne bacteria (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquisition of a High Diversity of Bacteria during the Hajj Pilgrimage, Including Acinetobacter baumannii with bla _OXA-72 and Escherichia coli with bla _NDM-5 Carbapenemase Genes

Leangapichart

Gautret

Griffiths

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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bPilgrims returning from the Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) can be carriers of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR). Pharyngeal and rectal swab samples were collected from 98 pilgrims before and after they traveled to the Hajj in 2014 to investigate the acquisition of MDR bacteria. The bacterial diversity in pharyngeal swab samples was assessed by culture with selective media. There was a significantly higher diversity of bacteria in samples collected after the return from the Hajj than in those collected before (P ‫؍‬ 0.0008). Surprisingly, Acinetobacter baumannii strains were isolated from 16 pharyngeal swab samples (1 sample taken The Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) is the world's largest annual mass gathering which brings together millions of people from many countries to perform rituals in Saudi Arabia. Interaction and close contact are important factors for the transmission and dissemination of infectious diseases among pilgrims. Several airborne infectious diseases have been reported during the Hajj, including meningitis, flu, and tuberculosis (1). Common respiratory pathogens have been reported among pilgrims with clinical pneumonia, including Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii (2, 3) Moreover, high rates of acquisition of rhinovirus and Streptococcus pneumoniae as well as coronavirus E229 by pilgrims were reported during the 2013 Hajj (4). With the global spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, international travelers are potentially at risk of acquiring multidrugresistant (MDR) bacteria and antibiotic resistance (AR) genes and of transferring these to other people when they return to their home countries (5, 6). This has been well documented, with reports describing the acquisition of NDM-1-producing bacteria in travelers returning from the Indian subcontinent to the United Kingdom (7) and KPC-producing bacteria in French patients who had traveled to the United States (8). We recently reported the acquisition of colistin-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Newport in rectal swab samples taken from French pilgrims during the 2013 Hajj (6, 9). Acinetobacter species, particularly MDR A. baumannii strains, are primarily associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia. However, several studies have reported cases of community-acquired A. baumannii pneumonia, such as in Australia during the rainy season, for which the source and mode of transmission remain unknown (10). We aimed to determine, using pharyngeal and rectal swabs, whether pilgrims might have acquired MDR bacteria during the 2014 Hajj. Here we report for the first time the acquisition of cephalosporin-and imipenem-resistant A. baumannii and Escherichia coli among pilgrims returning from Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODSStudy design. Data were obtained between 19 September and 12 October 2014 (24 days) from a cohort of pilgrims that was traveling from France to Mecca in Saudi Arabia with a specialize...

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“…Mandourah et al 4 reported that in 2 successive Hajj seasons, pneumonia was the cause of admission to intensive care unit (ICU) in 27% critically ill patients. Many studies have described that during Hajj, URTIs are the principal category of infections, 14 - 16 and the reason of serious sepsis and septic shock requiring admission to the ICU. 6 Al-Jasser et al 17 described that among domestic hajjis from Saudi Arabia, URTI was the common health problem followed by diarrheal symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases pattern among patients attending Holy Mosque (Haram) Medical Centers during Hajj 1434 (2013)

Bakhsh

Sindy

Baljoon

et al. 2015

SMJ

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Objective:To evaluate the diseases pattern among pilgrims attending the 2 Holy Mosque (Haram) Health Care Centers during the Hajj season 2013 (Hijra 1434).Methods:In this cross-sectional study, data was collected from 2 medical centers located in the Holy Mosque in Makkah city, Saudi Arabia, from the first of Dhul-Hijjah to sixteenth Dhul-Hijjah 1434. The present study was completed in 16 days (6th October to 21st October 2013).Results:Over 16 days, 1008 patients attended the medical centers during Hajj 1434, (2013), out of which 554 (55%) were males and 454 (45%) were females. Most of the patients were Egyptians (n=242, 24%), followed by Saudis (n=116, 11.5%), Pakistani (n=114, 11.3%), Turkish (n=50, 5%), and other nationalities (n=404). According to age distribution, mostly were in the 51-60 years age group (n=237, 23.5%), followed by other age groups. Out of 1008 patients, 842 (83.5%) patients were treated and subsequently discharged, while 166 patients (16.5%) were referred to the tertiary centers. According to the diseases pattern, most of the patients were suffering from respiratory problems (n=177, 17.6%) followed by skin diseases (n=158, 15.7%), gastrointestinal tract (GIT) diseases (n=133, 13.2%), and others.Conclusion:Most of the patients were suffering from respiratory problems followed by skin and GIT diseases, and <25% of patients were referred to tertiary care centers.

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Predictors of asthma severity during the pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Management, Medication Use and Economic Burden of Asthma among Hajj and Umrah Pilgrims

Management, Medication Use and Economic Burden of Asthma among Hajj and Umrah Pilgrims

Acquisition of a High Diversity of Bacteria during the Hajj Pilgrimage, Including Acinetobacter baumannii with bla _OXA-72 and Escherichia coli with bla _NDM-5 Carbapenemase Genes

Diseases pattern among patients attending Holy Mosque (Haram) Medical Centers during Hajj 1434 (2013)

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Predictors of asthma severity during the pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Management, Medication Use and Economic Burden of Asthma among Hajj and Umrah Pilgrims

Management, Medication Use and Economic Burden of Asthma among Hajj and Umrah Pilgrims

Acquisition of a High Diversity of Bacteria during the Hajj Pilgrimage, Including Acinetobacter baumannii with bla OXA-72 and Escherichia coli with bla NDM-5 Carbapenemase Genes

Diseases pattern among patients attending Holy Mosque (Haram) Medical Centers during Hajj 1434 (2013)

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Acquisition of a High Diversity of Bacteria during the Hajj Pilgrimage, Including Acinetobacter baumannii with bla _OXA-72 and Escherichia coli with bla _NDM-5 Carbapenemase Genes