Predictive significance of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase for eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Abstract

Background Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP) exhibits a poorer outcome compared with non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (nonECRSwNP), so it is significant to identify effective markers to differentiate ECRSwNP in guiding the treatment strategies of these patients. Although arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) is positioned as a marker of eosinophilic inflammation, its study in differentiating ECRSwNP has not been reported. The aim of this study is to assess the potential of ALOX15 in distinguishing and predicting ECRSwNP. Methods Forty-eight patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), including 30 ECRSwNP and 18 nonECRSwNP patients, were enrolled. ALOX15 mRNA level was determined in polyps by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The patients’ baseline characteristics were evaluated and analyzed for correlations with ALOX15. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the predictive significance of the potential predictors for ECRSwNP. Results ALOX15 mRNA level was significantly higher in ECRSwNP patients than in nonECRSwNP patients (P < 0.001). ALOX15 mRNA was significantly correlated with tissue and blood eosinophil percentages (r = 0.565, P < 0.001 and r = 0.395, P = 0.006), olfaction scores (r = 0.400, P = 0.005), total visual analogue scale (VAS) symptom scores (r = 0.383, P = 0.007), ethmoid/maxillary sinus (E/M) ratio (r = 0.463, P = 0.001), and endoscopy scores (r = 0.409, P = 0.004). Logistic regression analysis showed ALOX15 mRNA level and percentage of blood eosinophils to be predictive factors for ECRSwNP (P = 0.004 and P = 0.036, respectively). ROC curve indicated ALOX15 to have high predictive accuracy for ECRSwNP (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.909), which was further improved by combination of ALOX15 with percentage of blood eosinophils (AUC = 0.933). Conclusions The relative ALOX15 mRNA level alone or in combination with blood eosinophils might be a reliable biomarker for predicting a diagnosis of ECRSwNP.

PTGDR2 Expression in Peripheral Blood as a Potential Biomarker in Adult Patients with Asthma

“…Interestingly, using the protein-protein interaction network software STRING, PTGDR2 was involved in a network cluster with HRH4, ALOX15, CYSLTR2, GPR34, IL5Rα, and FCRL5 ( Figure 1 ). The genes coding for these proteins were significantly upregulated in our transcriptomic analysis and related to the T2 asthma signature [ 37 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. In a recent whole blood transcriptomic study of 41 severe asthma patients, in which gene expression levels in peripheral blood were compared at baseline and after four months of treatment with benralizumab [ 15 ], significant reductions in the expression of genes associated with eosinophilic inflammatory responses, such as PTGDR2 , ALOX15 , IL5RA , SMPD3 , CLC , HRH4 , CYSLTR2 , and RAB44 , were observed.…”

Circulating MIF Associated With Disease Severity and Clinical Response of Sublingual Immunotherapy in House Dust Mite–Induced Allergic Rhinitis

“…The detailed parameters of ROC analysis are displayed in Table 5. Based on the optimal cutoff values of the serum MIF level obtained by ROC analysis, patients were categorized into low MIF level group (serum MIF level <22.5 ng/ml, n 51) and high MIF level group (serum MIF level >22.5 ng/ml, n 29) as similarly described in previous publications (Liang et al, 2020;Wu et al, 2021). In low MIF level group, the good-response rate was 78.4%, which was higher than that in high MIF level group (17.2%, p < 0.001).…”

Epithelial Tight Junction Anomalies in Nasal Inverted Papilloma

“…Recently, we compared TJs protein (e.g., occludin, tricellulin, claudin-1, claudin-3, and claudin-10) in the IT, MT, UP, and ET mucosa among healthy controls. 34 The results showed that these TJs protein exhibited consistent histological features regarding their expression patterns across various normal nasal mucosa. Therefore, in future studies, it is imperative to recruit larger number of ET tissues to analyze the impact of inflammatory factors on TJs protein expression.…”

“…Notably, this study's primary focus was investigating the role of aberrant expression of TJs in the pathogenesis of NIP. Recently, we compared TJs protein (e.g., occludin, tricellulin, claudin‐1, claudin‐3, and claudin‐10) in the IT, MT, UP, and ET mucosa among healthy controls 34 . The results showed that these TJs protein exhibited consistent histological features regarding their expression patterns across various normal nasal mucosa.…”