Predictive language processing in late bilinguals

Schlenter, Judith

doi:10.25932/publishup-43249

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, it is reasonable to expect such differences in the manual-visual modality for two reasons. First, these effects have been found in studies of PP for spoken languages in cases of L1 vs. L2 groups ( Martin et al, 2013 ; Kaan, 2014 ; Hopp and Lemmerth, 2018 ; Chun and Kaan, 2019 ; Schlenter, 2019 ; Henry et al, 2020 ). Second, differences in SL processing in other linguistic domains have been found to be a function of the SL age of acquisition ( Malaia et al, 2020 ; Krebs et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…As suggested earlier in section “Sign Language Competence,” future studies should include signers with different levels of proficiency to elicit a variety of qualitative mechanism(s) for predictive processing (cf. Schlenter, 2019 , for a similar treatment of proficiency in spoken languages, and underlying qualitative differences in predictive processing). Other studies eligible for this review reported that both children and adults made anticipatory gaze to the target item ( Lieberman et al, 2018 ; Wienholz and Lieberman, 2019 ), but the authors did not discuss their findings in the context of a specific model of PP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictive Processing in Sign Languages: A Systematic Review

2022

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The objective of this article was to review existing research to assess the evidence for predictive processing (PP) in sign language, the conditions under which it occurs, and the effects of language mastery (sign language as a first language, sign language as a second language, bimodal bilingualism) on the neural bases of PP. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. We searched peer-reviewed electronic databases (SCOPUS, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO host) and gray literature (dissertations in ProQuest). We also searched the reference lists of records selected for the review and forward citations to identify all relevant publications. We searched for records based on five criteria (original work, peer-reviewed, published in English, research topic related to PP or neural entrainment, and human sign language processing). To reduce the risk of bias, the remaining two authors with expertise in sign language processing and a variety of research methods reviewed the results. Disagreements were resolved through extensive discussion. In the final review, 7 records were included, of which 5 were published articles and 2 were dissertations. The reviewed records provide evidence for PP in signing populations, although the underlying mechanism in the visual modality is not clear. The reviewed studies addressed the motor simulation proposals, neural basis of PP, as well as the development of PP. All studies used dynamic sign stimuli. Most of the studies focused on semantic prediction. The question of the mechanism for the interaction between one’s sign language competence (L1 vs. L2 vs. bimodal bilingual) and PP in the manual-visual modality remains unclear, primarily due to the scarcity of participants with varying degrees of language dominance. There is a paucity of evidence for PP in sign languages, especially for frequency-based, phonetic (articulatory), and syntactic prediction. However, studies published to date indicate that Deaf native/native-like L1 signers predict linguistic information during sign language processing, suggesting that PP is an amodal property of language processing.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021238911], identifier [CRD42021238911].

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Processing in Sign Languages: A Systematic Review

2022

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Limits on expectation-based processing: Use of grammatical aspect for co-reference in L2

Grüter

Rohde

2020

Applied Psycholinguistics

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This study examines the use of discourse-level information to create expectations about reference in real-time processing, testing whether patterns previously observed among native speakers of English generalize to nonnative speakers. Findings from a visual-world eye-tracking experiment show that native (L1; N = 53) but not nonnative (L2; N = 52) listeners’ proactive coreference expectations are modulated by grammatical aspect in transfer-of-possession events. Results from an offline judgment task show these L2 participants did not differ from L1 speakers in their interpretation of aspect marking on transfer-of-possession predicates in English, indicating it is not lack of linguistic knowledge but utilization of this knowledge in real-time processing that distinguishes the groups. English proficiency, although varying substantially within the L2 group, did not modulate L2 listeners’ use of grammatical aspect for reference processing. These findings contribute to the broader endeavor of delineating the role of prediction in human language processing in general, and in the processing of discourse-level information among L2 users in particular.

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The predictive processing of number information in subregular verb morphology in a first and second language

Koch

Bulté

Housen

et al. 2023

Applied Psycholinguistics

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We investigated the predictive processing of grammatical number information through stem-vowel alternations in German strong verbs by adult first language (L1) speakers and Dutch-speaking advanced second language (L2) learners of German, and the influence of working memory and awareness (i.e., whether participants consciously registered the predictive cue) thereon. While changed stem vowels indicate a singular referent (e.g., /ε/ in fällt3SG, “falls”), unchanged vowels indicate plural (e.g., /a/ in fallt2PL, “fall”). This target structure presents a challenge for L2 learners of German due to its subregularity and low salience. With their eye movements being tracked, participants matched German auditory sentences (VSO order) with one of two pictures, displaying identical action scenes but varying in agent number. The number cue provided by the strong verbs allowed participants to predict whether the upcoming subject would be singular or plural. The analyses revealed significant prediction, measured as predictive eye movements toward the target picture and faster button-press responses. Prediction in the L2 group was weaker than in the L1 group and present in the eye movement data only. Higher working memory scores were linked to faster predictive presses. Approximately half of the participants had become aware of the predictive cue, and being aware facilitated prediction to a limited extent.

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Predictive language processing in late bilinguals

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Predictive Processing in Sign Languages: A Systematic Review

Predictive Processing in Sign Languages: A Systematic Review

Limits on expectation-based processing: Use of grammatical aspect for co-reference in L2

The predictive processing of number information in subregular verb morphology in a first and second language

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