Predictive importance of the visceral adiposity index and atherogenic index of plasma of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged and elderly Lithuanian population

Abstract

BackgroundTwo indices: visceral adiposity index (VAI) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) during several recent years were implemented into epidemiological studies for predicting of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mortality risk. Our study aimed to evaluate the association of VAI and AIP with the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality among the Lithuanian urban population aged 45–72 years.MethodsIn the baseline survey (2006–2008), 7,115 men and women 45–72 years of age were examined within the framework of the international study Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial Factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE). Six thousand six hundred and seventy-one participants (3,663 women and 3,008 men) were available for statistical analysis (after excluding 429 respondents with the missed information on study variables) and for them, VAI and AIP were calculated. The questionnaire evaluated lifestyle behaviors, including smoking and physical activity. All participants in the baseline survey were followed up for all-cause and CVD mortality events until December 31st, 2020. Multivariable Cox regression models were applied for statistical data analysis.ResultsAfter accounting for several potential confounders, higher levels of VAI (compared 5th quintile to 1st quintile) were associated with significantly higher CVD mortality in men [Hazards ratio (HR) = 1.38] and all-cause mortality in women (HR = 1.54) after 10-year follow-up. CVD mortality significantly increased in men with 0 the highest AIP quintile compared with that for the lowest quintile (HR = 1.40). In women, all-cause mortality was significantly higher for the 4th quintile of AIP as compared with the 1st quintile (HR = 1.36).ConclusionsHigh-risk VAI levels were statistically significantly associated with all-cause mortality risk in men and women groups. The higher AIP level (5th quintile vs. 1st quintile—in men and 4th quintile vs. 1st quintile—in women) was significantly associated with increased mortality from CVD in the men group and increased all-cause mortality in the women group.

Association of atherosclerosis indices, serum uric acid to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and triglycerides‐glucose index with hypertension: A gender‐disaggregated analysis

“…We showed that men had higher levels of AIP than women. Such sex differences in AIP values were revealed in similar literature 66,67 . However, other studies reported no significant association between AIP and hypertension incidence 68,69 .…”

“…Such sex differences in AIP values were revealed in similar literature. 66 , 67 However, other studies reported no significant association between AIP and hypertension incidence. 68 , 69 We recommend conducting further studies in larger populations to find the association between AIP and hypertension.…”

The association between atherogenic index of plasma and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease-specific mortality in hypertension patients: a retrospective cohort study of NHANES

“…Relationship of AIP and CVD-specific mortality was also found in patients aged ≥ 60 years old. A study on predictive performance of AIP of all-cause mortality and CVD-specific mortality in middle-aged and elderly Lithuanian population showed that the risk of CVD mortality significantly increased in males with the highest AIP quintile compared with that for the lowest quintile [ 27 ]. In females, all-cause mortality was significantly higher for the 4th quintile of AIP as compared with the 1st quintile [ 27 ].…”

“…A study on predictive performance of AIP of all-cause mortality and CVD-specific mortality in middle-aged and elderly Lithuanian population showed that the risk of CVD mortality significantly increased in males with the highest AIP quintile compared with that for the lowest quintile [ 27 ]. In females, all-cause mortality was significantly higher for the 4th quintile of AIP as compared with the 1st quintile [ 27 ]. Płaczkowska et al [ 28 ] found that different lipid parameters and AIP are associated with a high concentration of small dense LDL depending on the age group.…”

Adipose Dysfunction Indices as a Key to Cardiometabolic Risk Assessment—A Population-Based Study of Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients

“…In summary, the VAI and BAI are crucial tools for evaluating cardiometabolic risk, particularly in the context of adipose tissue dysfunction and its role in the development of CVDs. The application of both indices in clinical practice may contribute to a better understanding and management of cardiometabolic risk, particularly in post-MI patients [ 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”